Military Justice and the UCMJ

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms and definitions regarding the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ), Article 15 non-judicial punishment, court-martial types, and Soldier rights.

Article 31 Rights

The rights given to a Soldier under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, consisting of the right to remain silent, the right to demand trial, and the right to an attorney.

Types of Court-martial

The three classifications of court-martial in the military justice system:

Summary,

Special,

General.

Extra training or instruction

Corrective training that relates directly to an observed deficiency and is oriented to correct it; used when a Soldier's duty performance is substandard or deficient, and may be conducted after duty hours.

Court of military appeals

The highest military court, sitting in Washington, D.C. (except for ceremonial and special hearing sessions), originally composed of three civilian judges appointed by the President for a 15-year term and confirmed by the Senate, increased effective October 1, 1990, to five civilian judges.

Right to refuse an Article 15

The right of a service member to turn down non-judicial punishment and demand a trial by court martial, which applies in all circumstances except when aboard a ship.

NCO extra duty under Article 15

Supervisory duty only.

UCMJ

The Uniform Code of Military Justice; the statute that prescribes criminal law for Soldiers, declares what conduct is a crime, establishes the various types of courts, and sets forth basic procedures for administering military justice.

Articles of War

The historical military regulations existing in various forms since 1775, which were replaced when Congress enacted the UCMJ in 1950.

UCMJ Article Total

146 Articles, with 12 nested sub-articles, making an accurate total of 158 Articles ($146 \text{ Articles} + 12 \text{ Sub-articles}$).

Field Grade Article 15

An Article 15 imposed by an officer of rank O4 or above.

Article 15 Imposing Authority

Any commanding officer, including a warrant officer exercising command.

Classifications of Article 15s

The three categories of non-judicial punishment: Summarized, Company grade, and Field grade.

DA Form 2627-1

The official form used to record Summarized Article 15 proceedings.

Punitive Articles

Articles 77 through 134 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ).

Article 15

The article of the UCMJ under which Non-judicial punishment is imposed.

Company Commander Maximum Punishments under Article 15

Punishments limited to: 14 days extra duty, 14 days restriction, 7 days correctional custody (E3 and below), 7 days forfeiture of pay, one grade reduction for E4 and below, and an oral or written letter of reprimand.