Exam 2 Study Guide

Madonna of the Rocks, 1485

Leonardo da Vinci's painting

- Exhibits Leonardo's mastery of chiaroscuro and sfumato techniques, creating soft transitions in light and shadow.

- Features a pyramidal composition and an idealized, serene Madonna with Christ and John the Baptist, expressing divine harmony in nature.

Vitruvian Man

A drawing by Leonardo da Vinci depicting human proportions combined with the circle and square.

The Last Supper

Leonardo da Vinci's masterpiece showcasing perspective and dramatic interaction among apostles.

Mona Lisa

Famous painting by Leonardo da Vinci known for the sitter's enigmatic expression.

Madonna of the Meadow

A work by Raphael reflecting clarity and harmony in its serene depiction of the Virgin Mary.

David (Michelangelo)

A sculpture symbolizing the strength and beauty of man, showcasing idealized anatomy.

Tempietto

A small circular temple designed by Bramante, marking a significant point in Renaissance architecture.

Pietà

Michelangelo's sculpture of Mary holding the dead Christ, emphasizing beauty and profound emotion.

St. Peter’s Basilica

A grand church in Rome, symbolizing the authority of the Catholic Church.

Sistine Ceiling

Michelangelo's frescoes capturing the Creation of Adam and other biblical scenes.

School of Athens

Raphael's fresco celebrating classical philosophy with figures like Plato and Aristotle.

Garden of Earthly Delights

A triptych by Hieronymus Bosch exploring heaven, earthly pleasures, and hell.

Self Portrait (Dürer)

A self-portrait by Albrecht Dürer, emphasizing the elevated status of the artist.

Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse

An iconic woodcut by Albrecht Dürer illustrating dramatic apocalyptic imagery.

Adam and Eve (Dürer)

Engraving by Dürer that depicts idealized forms with symbolic representations of vice.

Four Apostles

A panel painting by Dürer reflecting spiritual emphasis during the Reformation.

Landscape with an Episode from the Conquest of America

A painting blending European landscape techniques with narratives of exploration.

Deposition of Christ (Pontormo)

A Mannerist painting characterized by complex composition and elongated figures.

Madonna of the Long Neck

A work by Parmigianino featuring distorted proportions and ethereal quality.

Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time

An allegorical painting by Bronzino exploring sensuality and time.

The Abduction of a Sabine Woman

A spiraling sculpture by Giambologna emphasizing dramatic motion.

Last Judgment (Michelangelo)

A fresco in the Sistine Chapel illustrating judgment day with expressive figures.

The Tempest (Giorgione)

A mysterious painting signaling the Venetian interest in mood over narrative.

Pastoral Concert (Titian or Giorgione)

An idealized scene reflecting artistic harmony and rich Venetian color.

Venus of Urbino

A reclining nude by Titian that explores beauty and eroticism.

Pesaro Madonna

An untraditional composition by Titian breaking Renaissance symmetry.

Villa Rotonda

A classical villa designed by Palladio known for its symmetrical layout.

Il Gesù

The first Baroque church with a grand façade, symbolizing divine authority.

The Calling of St. Matthew

A Caravaggio painting using chiaroscuro to depict spiritual awakening.

David with the Head of Goliath

A painting demonstrating Caravaggio's emphasis on expressive realism.

Judith Beheading Holofernes

A dramatic work by Artemisia Gentileschi highlighting female strength.

Juan de Pareja

A portrait by Velázquez showcasing realism and personality.

Las Meninas

A multilayered portrait by Velázquez that engages viewers in complex themes.

The Raising of the Cross (Rubens)

A dynamic triptych illustrating Baroque energy and dramatic tension.

Ecstasy of St. Teresa

A sculpture by Bernini depicting divine rapture in a Baroque chapel.

San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane

A church by Borromini known for its undulating façade and spatial innovation.

Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp

A group portrait by Rembrandt illustrating a dissection with individual expressiveness.

Self Portrait with Two Circles (Rembrandt)

A reflective self-portrait symbolizing mastery and human complexity.

Young Flute Player

A joyful genre painting by Judith Leyster capturing everyday life.

The Art of Painting (Vermeer)

A luminous depiction of an artist at work in a meticulously detailed studio.

Still Life with Cheeses, Almonds and Pretzels

A Dutch still life by Clara Peeters celebrating abundance and texture.

Vanitas with a Violin and a Glass Ball

A still life symbolizing mortality through various objects.

Flowers in a Glass Vase

A vibrant still life by Rachel Ruysch reflecting nature's beauty.

Salt Cellar (Sapi-Portuguese)

An ivory carving merging African and European artistic styles.

Cross with Pendant of Toni Malau

A Christian cross integrating local motifs reflecting cultural adaptation.

Royal Robe

An ornate robe symbolizing status and authority in Yoruba culture.

Divination Tray

A tool used in Ifá divination showcasing symbolic artistry.

Pendant with Queen Idia

A mask representing the significance of Queen Idia in Benin culture.