Great West Vocab

Daniel Burnham

Architect who helped redesign Chicago.

Louis Sullivan

Father of skyscrapers.

Ida B. Wells

Journalist who fought against lynching.

Dumbbell Tenements

Crowded apartments with small air shafts.

Boss Tweed

Corrupt politician who stole public money.

Tammany Hall

NYC political organization known for corruption.

Fundamentalists vs. Modernists

Literal Bible beliefs vs. modern religious ideas.

Morrill Act

Gave land to states to fund colleges.

William Randolph Hearst

Newspaper publisher known for sensational stories. Flashy headlines.

Joseph Pulitzer

Newspaper publisher who used sensational journalism. Created specific sections for targeted audiences - sports section, comics.

Yellow Journalism

Exaggerated news to attract readers.

W.E.B. Du Bois

Civil rights leader who fought for racial equality. Immediate equality - NAACP

Booker T. Washington

Promoted job skills and education for Black Americans. - Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute

NAACP

Organization fighting racial discrimination.

A Century of Dishonor

Helen Hunt Jackson's book exposing Native American mistreatment.

Origin of Species

Darwin's book explaining evolution.

Pike's Peak

Colorado gold rush in 1858-1859.

Long Drive

Moving cattle to railroad towns for sale.

Homestead Act

Gave settlers land in the West. 160 acres.

Gold Standard Act of 1900

Made gold the basis of U.S. currency.

Treaty of Fort Laramie

Agreements over Native American lands, all broken.

Frontier Line

Boundary between settled and unsettled land.

Battle of Wounded Knee

1890 massacre of Native Americans.

Buffalo Soldiers

Black soldiers who served in the U.S. Army.

Bozeman Trail/Fetterman Massacre

Trail through Native land; Native warriors killed 80 soldiers in 1866.

Sand Creek Massacre

U.S. soldiers killed Cheyenne and Arapaho people in 1864.

Little Bighorn River

Site where Native warriors defeated Custer in 1876.

Chief Joseph

Nez Perce leader who resisted forced removal.

Sitting Bull

Lakota leader who resisted U.S. expansion.

Messiah Letter

Connected to the Ghost Dance religious movement.

Carlisle Indian School

School that forced Native children to adopt white culture.

Dawes Act

Divided Native tribal lands into individual plots.

Significance of Barbed Wire

Allowed ranchers to fence land.

Transcontinental Railroad

Connected the East and West in 1869.

Time Zones

Standardized time for railroad schedules.

1896 Presidential Election

McKinley defeated Bryan in a debate over gold and silver.

Gospel of Wealth

Carnegie's belief that rich people should help society.