A&P Lab - Bones

axial skeleton

the bones that lie around the body’s center of gravity

appendicular skeleton

bones of the limbs or appendages

compact bone

dense, made up of osteons, hard outer layer of bone

spongy bone

composed of trabeculae and lots of open space, inside

long bones

long, thin shaft with expanded ends, (femur, humerus)

short bones

cube-shaped, contain more spongy bone (carpals & tarsals)

flat bones

thin, wafer-like (sternum, ribs)

irregular bones

bones with various processes and shapes (vertebrae)

sesamoid bones

bones formed within a tendon or ligament (patella)

Wormian/sutural bones

tiny bones between cranial bones

fissure

narrow, slit like opening (crack)

foramen

round or oval opening through a bone (hole)

fossa

shallow basin like depression in a bone, serve as an articular surface

meatus

canal-like passageway

sinus

bone cavity, filled with air and lined with mucous membrane

diaphysis

shaft of a long bone

epiphysis

rounded ends of a long bone

periosteum

membrane around bone

sharpey’s fibers/perforating fibers

fibers that hold the periosteum to the bone

articular cartilage

cartilage at the ends of bones

endosteum

membrane lining the medullary cavity

epiphyseal plate

thin area of hyaline cartilage that provides longitudinal growth

epiphyseal line

thin line that appears after a bone is done growing

medullary cavity

the cavity inside the diaphysis

proximal epiphysis

what is 1?

diaphysis

what is 2?

distal epiphysis

what is 3?

articular cartilage

what is 4?

spongy bone

what is 5?

epiphyseal line

what is 6?

periosteum

what is 7?

compact bone

what is 8, 10, and 14?

medullary cavity

what is 9?

endosteum

what is 12?

yellow bone marrow

what is 13?

periosteum

what is 15?

perforating fibers

what is 16?

yellow bone marrow

fatty tissue inside the long bone

red bone marrow

tissue that makes red blood cells and white blood cells

central canal

what is 1 & 15?

osteon

what is 2?

circumferential lamellae

what is 3?

compact bone

what is 4?

spongy bone

what is 5?

volkmann’s canal/perforating canal

what is 6?

endosteum

what is 7?

perforating fibers

what is 8?

periosteum

what is 10?

interstitial lamellae

what is 12 & 13?

lacuna

what is 11 & 16?

lamellae

what is 14?

osteocyte

what is 17?

canaliculi

what is 18?

central canal/haversion canal/osteonic canal

the middle of an osteon that carries blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels

osteocyte

mature bone cell

lacunae

chambers/pits that hold osteocytes

concentric clamellae

circles/rings around the central canal

osteon/Haversian system

the central canal + lamellae

canaliculi

tiny canals radiating outward from a central canal to the lacunae of lamella, transportation networks connecting the osteon to nutrient supply

perforating canals/volkmann’s canals

canals that run at right angles to the shaft and connect blood and nerve supply of medullary cavity to central canals

cranial cavity

the area containing the brain

cranial vault/calvaria

superior, lateral, and posterior walls of the skull

cranial base/floor

bottom of the skull

coronal suture

what is 1?

parietal bone

what is 2?

temporal bone

what is 3?

lambdoid suture

what is 4?

squamous suture

what is 5?

occipital bone

what is 6?

zygomatic process

what is 7?

external acoustic meatus

what is 9?

mastoid process

what is 10?

styloid process

what is 11?

mandibular condyle

what is 12?

mandibular ramus

what is 14?

mandibular angle

what is 15?

coronoid process

what is 16?

mental foramen

what is 17?

mandible

what is 18?

alveolar margin/alveolar processes

what is 19?

maxilla

what is 20?

zygomatic bone

what is 21?

nasal bone

what is 22?

lacrimal fossa

what is 23?

lacrimal bone

what is 24?

ethmoid bone

what is 25?

sphenoid bone (greater wing)

what is 26?

frontal bone

what is 27?

palatine process

what is B?

palatine bone

what is C?

zygomatic bone

what is D?

zygomatic process of temporal bone

what is E (specific)?

vomer

what is F?

styloid process

what is H?

mastoid process

what is I?

petrous part of temporal bone

what is J?

parietal bone

what is L?

external occipital protuberance

what is N?

infraoribital foramen

what is 3?

maxilla

what is 2?