Chapter 3 Vocabulary - Electronic Business (E-Business) Systems

Electronic Business (E-Business) / E-Commerce

The application of electronic networks (including the Internet) to undertake the business processes between individuals and organization

Journalize

The process of recording a business event (i.e., accounting transaction) in a book or original entry (i.e., a special or general journal)

Post

Moving a business event from a journal to a subsidiary ledger

Summarize

Prepare a trial balance to show the total impact on each general ledger account of a set of business events

Business Event Data Store / Transaction File

A book of original entry used for recording business events

Master Data

Repositories of relatively permanent data maintained over an extended period of time

Information Processing

One type of master data update that includes recording information from events such as accounting, manufacturing, and adjusting entries

Data Maintenance

A type of master data update that includes activities related to adding, deleting, or replacing the standing data portions of master data

Standing Data

Relatively permanent portions of master data, such as the credit limit on customer master data and the selling price and warehouse location on inventory master data

Batch Processing

The aggregation of several business events over some period of time with the subsequent processing of these data as a group by the information systems

Periodic Mode

The data processing mode in which a delay exists between any two processing steps

Immediate Mode

The data processing mode in which little or no delay occurs between any two data processing steps

Offline

A device that is not directly connected to a central computer or network

Online Transaction Entry (OLTE)

The use of data entry devices allows business event data to be entered directly into the information system at the time and place that the business event occurs

Online

A computer configuration in which certain equipment is directly connected to the computer

Online Real-Time (OLRT) System

These systems gather business event data at the time of occurrence, update the master data almost instantaneously, and provide the results arising from the business event within a very short amount of time—that is, in real time

Electronic Mail (E-Mail)

The electronic transmission of nonstandardized messages between two individuals who are linked via a communications network (usually an intranet or the Internet)

Electronic Document Management (EDM)

The capturing, storage, management, and control of electronic document images for the purpose of supporting management decision making and facilitating business event data processing

Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)

The computer-to-computer exchange of business data (i.e., documents) in structured formats that allow direct processing of those electronic documents by the receiving computer system

Value-Added Network (VAN)

A service that acts as the EDI “post office;” an organization can connect to this when it wants, leave its outgoing messages, and, at the same time, pick up incoming messages from its “mailbox”

Internet EDI (IEDI)

The use of secure, structured messages over the Internet to execute business transactions

Web Services

A software application that supports direct interactions with software objects over an intranet or the Internet

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

Well-defined, independent functions (or applications) that can be distributed over a network via Web Services

Internet Commerce

The computer-to-computer exchange of business event data in structured or semi-structured formats via Internet communications that allows the initiation and consummation of business events

Network Providers

Companies that provide a link to the Internet by making their directly connected networks available for access by fee-paying customers

Internet Assurance

A service provided for a fee to vendors to provide limited assurance to users of the vendor’s Web site that the site is in fact reliable, and event data security is reasonable