OS REVIEWER

Window Graphing System

A system that implements graphical user interfaces with user interface controls and illustrations.

File Tables

Structures used to hold information about the existence of files.

I/O status information

Information associated with the input/output state.

Interrupts

External events that operate independently.

Application Binary Interface (ABI)

Standard binary portability between programs.

Program counter

The address of the next instruction to be executed.

Job

A single program and a numerous sequenced setup process.

Linux Operating System

A free open-source variant of the UNIX operating system.

Process Control Information

Additional information the operating system needs to control processes.

User Mode

A less-privileged execution mode of an operating system.

Security Reference Monitor

Enforces access validation and audit generation.

I/O tables

Structures that manage input/output devices in a computer system.

Exit State

The state when a process is released from the pool of executable processes.

Multi-programmed Batch System

A system that processes multiple programs simultaneously.

Application Binary Interface

A collection of machine language instructions for binary portability.

True about process attributes

They consist of processor register information.

True about time-sharing systems

They allow multiple users simultaneous access to the system.

True about Android system

It is a Linux-based system originally designed for mobile phones.

Not True about serial processing

It allows the processor to handle multiple jobs simultaneously.

True about a trap in process switching

It relates to errors generated within the currently running process.

Not attributed to a process during program execution

The same identifier to each process.

Not described a process

It is a storage data structure.

True about kernel mode as an execution mode

It allows software to control the processor, its instructions and registers.

True about Windows operating systems

It operates the core OS software separately from application-oriented software.

Not an operating system service as a compiler interface

Management of virtual addresses, physical memory, and paging files.

True about halt instruction in process termination

It generates an interrupt to alert the OS that a process has been completed.

True about simple batch system

They process jobs in bulk.

True about process identification

It involves unique numeric identifiers.

Not an OS function

Extension of system functionality and running background user-mode activity.

Solaris

An operating system that implements a combined approach.

Race Condition

A situation where multiple threads read and write shared data.

Unblocked

This operation moves blocked threads into the ready queue for execution.

Hold and wait

This condition is prevented by requiring all resources simultaneously.

Responsive

Multithreading allows a program to continue running even if some part is blocked.

Resource allocation graph

A tool to characterize resource allocation to processes.

Condition Variable

Used to block a process or thread until a specific condition is met.

Multithreading

The ability of an OS to support concurrent paths of execution within a single process.

Binary semaphore

A semaphore that only takes the values zero and one.

Base Priority

The lower limit of a thread's dynamic priority.

Distributed Processing

The management of multiple processes executing on distributed systems.

Multicore System

Affects application design and performance with multiple threads.

Alert Status

Indicates whether a waiting thread may execute an asynchronous call.

Combined Approach

Runs multiple threads in parallel on multiple processors.

Monitor

A programming construct that encapsulates variables and initialization code.

All Process Threads share the same address space

Where both resources and threads arrangement exist.

Processes may exit while holding resources

Not a restriction in implementing deadlock avoidance.

Ability to communicate with each other

Not an OS concern due to concurrency.

Conflicting needs for resources by processes

Not true about concurrency.

Separated OS software from application

Not true about multithreading.

Aborting external deadlock process

Not a recovery method in deadlock detection.

Counting semaphore

This semaphore takes values greater than one.

Schedule thread whenever a process is blocked

Not a benefit of multithreaded programming.

A resource is not preempted

A condition must be present for deadlock to occur.

They encompass the ability to load multiple runnable programs

Not true about deadlock.

Infinite loop execution

Not true about the monitor mechanism.

Kernel maintains context information for the process

Not true about the combined approach.

Thread management code not needed on the application level

Not an advantage of user-level threads.

Application that processes binary data

Not a multithreaded application.

Web browser displaying images

Not attributed to threads.

Waiting Time

Criterion is the sum of time spent waiting in the ready queue.

Simple paging

Technique that divides memory into equal-sized frames.

Job queue

Contains all processes in the system.

Shortest remaining time first

An algorithm selecting process with smallest execution time.

Execution Time

Time required for process execution by the CPU.

Medium term Scheduler

Handles swapped-out processes in scheduling.

Virtual Memory Paging

Partition method that processes like segmentation without fragmentation.

Round Robin

Algorithm generating clock interrupts at periodic intervals.

Physical Addresses

Generated by the loader when a program is loaded into main memory.

Swapping

Also known as memory compaction.

Throughput

Measures how much work is performed by the processor.

Best-Fit

Placement algorithm choosing the block closest to requested size.

Simple Segmentation

Technique that divides each process into segments.

Virtual Memory

Gives processes and the kernel a private view of main memory.

True about long term Scheduling

Also known as job scheduler.

Not a requirement of memory management

Selecting a task or job to be dispatched.

Shortest remaining time first algorithm

Describes estimated processing time for selection.

NOT virtual memory characteristic

Provides fast access at a relatively high cost.

True about turnaround time

Difference between finish time and arrival time.

Fairness in scheduling

Means processes should be treated the same.

NOT considered a scheduling criterion

The average rate of placement algorithms.

True about response time

Time from request submission until response is received.

NOT TRUE about memory management

It holds data that is not in use.

NOT TRUE about virtual memory segmentation

It is similar to simple paging.

True about dynamic partitioning

It has no internal fragmentation.

True about fixed partitioning

Only produces minimal operating system overhead.

True about simple paging

May cause small amount of internal fragmentation.

Shortest job first algorithm

Best approach to minimize waiting time.

NOT TRUE about process scheduling

Divides CPU time among active processes and threads.

Input/output (I/O) devices

Hardware devices that manage input, deliver output, or process data.

Human-readable devices

Devices that communicate with computer users, like keyboards.

Machine-readable devices

Devices that communicate with electronic equipment, like sensors.

Communication devices

Devices that connect with remote devices, like modems.

Data transfer rate

Amount of digital data moved within a specific time.

Application

Specific use of a device depending on its purpose.

Control complexity

Difficulty level in operating a device.

Unit of transfer

Indicates whether data is transferred as a stream.

Data representation

Encoding scheme used by devices, including character codes.

Error conditions

Nature of errors that occur in I/O devices.

Device controllers

Components that act as interfaces between devices and drivers.

Device driver

Software module that integrates with the operating system.