Lec 12 - Anatomy of RER, Golgi, Mitochondria, Lysosomes, Peroxisomes

How does the ER work?

1. mRNA from nucleus starts getting translated by ribosomes on RER

2. protein that gets translated goes into the lumen of the ER

3. gets post translationally modified, folded, and sent out to the Golgi

How does the protein get secreted?

Upon arrival from RER, gets packaged/sorted, and will bud off (exocytosis or lysosomes)

What are the two possibilities post Golgi?

become secretory vesicles and undergo exocytosis

or

go through sorting vesicles and become lysosomes

Define lysosome

acidic (pH of 5.0) garbage disposal for unnecessary material

T/F? You need the M6P/MPR receptor to be a functioning lysosome

True

T/F? betaGC needs to bind to LIMP2 in the ER for a functioning lysosome

True

When M6P is lacking, what two options happen?

lysosomal hydrolases gets secreted to extracellular space

or

won’t traffic properly through the golgi

T/F? A single mutation that affects lysosome biogenesis and storage affects several downstream physiological pathways

True

Define endocytosis

process of taking outer cell membrane, making it bud, and gets pinched off the membrane

Which protein is vital in the pinch off for endocytosis

clathrin

T/F? Mitochondria, the power house of the cell, moves to where they are needed

True

How are mitochondria able to move?

via microtubules

Peroxisome

form de novo (as needed), bud off themselves to make organelles, a role in metabolism/decompose hydrogen peroxide

What can peroxisome do?

oxidize fatty acids, create phospholipids, if you don’t have them can get metabolic disorders

What is the major protein of peroxisome

catalase

organelles interact in a ________ manner

dynamic