1) Antibiotics Cell wall synthesis inhibitor

they inhibit cell wall synthesis

Beta- lactam ring is what ?

A 4 membered nitrogen ring that binds to a bacteria’s PBP’s preventing cross linking of peptidoglycan strands

what is Beta-Lactamase?

Beta-lactamase is a enzyme binds and deactivates and destroys the Beta-lactam ring, it is produced by the bacteria

which is a beta-lactam antibiotic ?

penicillin , cephalosporins, carbapenems and monobactams

What is MRSA

methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Cephalosporins has how many generations ?

there is 5 generations

Cephalosporin 2nd gen is used for what ?

2nd Ceph. used for screening of MRSA and gram negative bacteria

which cephalosporin is effective against MRSA

5th gen cephalosporin, Ceftaroline and ceftobiprole

what should be reported when a culture is resistant to Cefoxitin ?

ALL beta-lactam antibiotics are resistant

Glycopeptides

Antibiotics that binds and blocks to the cell wall percussors instead of the PBPS, they are large molecules these can only treat gram positive bacteria but it can not treat gram negative bacteria.

Enterococcus bacteria is resistant to all “ “?

cephalosporin

Carbapenems

resistant to ESBL and have the broadest spectrum that works both on gram negative and gram positive bacteria

What is VRE?

Vancomycin resistant enterococcus

What is CRE?

carbapenem resistant enterobacterales

a bacteria is carbapenems resistant and has porin loss means what?

CRE, carbapenems resistant enterobacterales

combo drugs for CRE?

a ESBL resistant antibiotic and a inhibitor used together

aztreonam is a monobactam, what gram stain can it work for?

ONLY aerobic gram negative rods, they are also used for when a patient has a penicillin allergy.

what antibiotics are resistant to ESBL ( extended spectrum beta-lactamase) ?

3rd gen Cephalosporins + beta-lactamase inhibitor and carbapenems

Ertapenem

the most sensitive carbapenem for flagging possible CRE, it has not pseudomonas activity