Treaty of Versailles and League of Nations

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8 Terms

1
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Key Dates

  • WW1 1914-1918, end 11th November 1918 Armistice Day

  • Paris Peace Conference January 1919, 32 allied nations met to write peace treaties

  • Treaty signed June 28th 1919

  • League of Nations established January 10th 1920

  • American Stock Market crash 1929, start Great Depression


2
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Georges Clemonceau

  • Prime Minister France

  • Most determined

  • wish to weaken Germany as much as possible (damage France land, people, pride)

  • want Germany split up to ensure no further threat


3
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David Lloyd George

  • Prime Minister Britain

  • middle ground

  • publicly promise make Germany pay, privately worried about trade/future revenge

  • “we will have to fight another war in 25 years’ time and at 3 times the cost”

  • distrusted the idea of self-determination


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Woodrow Wilson

  • President of USA

  • idealist

  • 14 points, wished for peaceful world, strengthened democracy in Germany

  • believed in self determination, right to have free choice without outside force


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Paris Peace Conference

January 1919

  1. blame and punishment for the war

  2. payment for damage reparations

  3. how to prevent future wars

  4. what to do with colonies/land of those defeated


6
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Treaty of Versailles

Signed June 28th 1919

3 main effects on Germany:

  1. German colonies/territories given away

  2. Limit size and power of German military

  3. Pay reparations to victorious allied powers

Germany no choice, Allies blockade German ports, threat of invasion


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Treaty of Versailles Impacts on Germany

  • Army limited to 100,000 men, no tanks/chemical weapons, no air force

  • Navy limited to 15,000 men, 6 battleships, 12 destroyers, no submarines

  • forced to accept blame for WW1

  • must pay 132 billion marks for reparations over 50 years, belief that “selling” future generations into slavery

  • 50% coal production given to Allies

  • Germany lost 13% of territory, 12% population, all colonies

  • all German businesses/property in other countries confiscated


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League of Nations aims

  • world peace

  • encourage cooperation