Nutrition and Health Lecture Quizzes

Why and when were the RDAs, later called the DRIs, first instituted and developed?

a. Right after Atwater developed the Atwater numbers

b. In the 1990s, when the supplement market became very big

c. After the Civil War - around 1869

d. During World War II when the army wanted to know how much nutrients soldiers needed

D

Why do we need Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)?

a. To make life hard on manufacturers and supplement companies

b. To have standards so we know how good the diet someone or a population is eating

c. Need to keep scientists busy doing experiments

B

Of the 3 main DRIs, Adequate Intake (AI) is the least strong DRI because

a. Too much data was collected from nutrient balance studies and it was hard to come up with good number

b. It does not require nutrient balance studies. It is the average amount of a nutrient in the food supply of a healthy population

c. It is totally a guess on the part of scientists

B

The Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is a fairly good DRI because

a. It is the most confident type of the DRIs we have

b. The EAR is taken from extensive balance studies with animals

c. Balance studies were done in humans and a Mean value for the requirement for the population was obtained

C

The Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) is the strongest DRI because

a. Scientists agreed with the final value and have strong confidence in it

b. Many balance studies were done by different research groups

c. Balance studies were done in humans

d. Statistical analysis was performed to increase the mean value by 2 Standard Deviations

e. All of the answers are correct

E

The Upper Limit (UL) DRI for a nutrient is:

a. The amount that will put you in the hospital after a few days of consuming this amount

b. the highest amount of a nutrient that one can consume on a regular basis without risk of toxicity

c. The amount that is on the Food Label

B

Who was the Scientist/Medical Doctor put in charge of investigating the outbreak of pellagra in the US?

a. Casimir Funk

b. Neils Bohr

c. Joseph Goldberger

d. Max Rubner

C

What were the clinical Manifestations of a bad case of pellagra?

a. Mental confusion

b. Severe diarrhea

c. All answer are clinical signs of pellagra

d. Red scaly hurtful skin

C

Why did pellagra erupt about the year 1900 in the US?

a. People worked more hours in the sun

b. The corn crop failed in the last 5 years of the 1800s

c. Roller milling to produce flour was introduced shortly before (in the 1880s)

d. Insects increased in number in the southern US

C

What was the specific actual cause of pellagra in the US?

a. Mosquito bites

b.Outbreak of lice in warm areas

c. Intake of fatty meat

d. Low intake of the vitamin niacin (nicotinic acid)

D

Why is important to discuss energy in a nutrition class?

A) Humans have a heart that requires energy to pump 24 hours a day.

B)Humans need to stay warm in wintertime- this requires energy.

C)Humans store large amounts of energy in adipose cells (fat).

D)Humans need energy to think.

E)All of the above are important reasons to study energy.

E

When traced back to the original source - the following energy sources are "originally" from the sun.

A)The energy stored in plants as starch

B)The energy stored in oil that is pumped out of the earth

C)The energy in meat that is eaten for dinner

D)The energy that is stored as fat in adipose cells

E)All of the above energy stored were derived from photons from the sun

E

Fire, the internal combustion engine, and metabolism in humans have the following in common.

A)They all require a fuel to provide energy

B)They all require oxygen

C)They all produce CO2

D)All of the above are true

D

Which is the basic mechanism how fire works?

A)Atoms in the fuel are split releasing enormous amounts of energy

B)Bonds between atoms in the fuel are split and oxygen carries away the electrons and the carbon atoms of the fuel

C)The atoms are completely annilated and release energy

D)Hydrogen atoms merge to form lithium, a larger atom

B

What are the Atwater Numbers for fat and gasoline, respectively?

A)Fat has 4 Kcal/gram; Gasoline has 9 Kcal/gram

B) Fat has 9 Kcal/gram; gasoline has 20 Kcal/gram

C)Fat has 9 Kcal/gram; gasoline has 11 Kcal/gram

D)Fat has 20 Kcal/gram; gasoline has 9 Kcal/gram

C

The First Law of Thermodynamics says energy cannot be created nor destroyed. What best explains this in humans.

A)If humans eat 2,000 Kcal in food on their plate, they will produce the equivalent of 2,000 Kcal of heat or work

B)If humans eat 2,000 Kcal in food on their plate, they will produce the equivalent of only 1,000 Kcal of heat or work

C)If humans eat 2,000 Kcal in food on their plate, they will produce the equivalent of 5,000 Kcal of heat or work

D)The amount of Kcals released as heat or work in humans depends upon what kinds of macronutrients the 2,000 Kcal on the plate are made of.

A

Thornton's Rule is: The energy used or released is related to the amount oxygen consumed. Because of Thorton's rule, we can measure the energy used during

A)Bicycle riding

B) Running

C)Bowling

D)Sleeping

E)All of the above are correct answers

E

For many years, the highest VO2 Max recorded was demonstrated in

A)The quarterback, Tom Brady B)The weightlifter, Arnold Schwarzenegger

C) The golfer, Tiger Woods D)The ice speed skater, Eric Heiden

D

The chemical/mechanical molecule that allows movement in living organisms is

A)The protein, collagen

B)The nulceic acid, deoxyribonucelic acid

C)The relatively small molecule, Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

D)The long chain fatty acid, oleic acid

C