21. Basal Nuclei & Limbic System

What tissue type composes the basal nuclei?

Masses of gray matter

Where are the basal nuclei located in the cerebrum?

Deep in the cerebrum

What is the main function of the basal nuclei?

Plan, coordinate and organize movements

What motor symptom is caused by disorders affecting the basal nuclei?

Resting muscle tremors

What specific motor pattern is controlled by the caudate nucleus?

Pattern of arm and leg movements

During what activity does the caudate nucleus coordinate rhythmic arm and leg movement?

Walking

What two distinct nuclei compose the lentiform nucleus?

1. Putamen, 2. Globus pallidus

What is the motor control function of the putamen?

Subconscious control of skeletal muscle movements

What structure does the globus pallidus control to regulate muscle tone?

Thalamus

What type of involuntary contractions are prevented by the globus pallidus?

Inappropriate, spontaneous muscle contractions

What common descriptive name is given to the limbic system?

Emotional brain

What is the formal anatomical name for the emotional brain?

Limbic system

What motivational structures are housed within the limbic system?

Motivational centers

What structure in the limbic system establishes mood and emotional states?

Amygdala

What primitive emotions are governed by the amygdala?

Pain, fear, pleasure, rage

What is the primary cognitive role of the hippocampus?

Formation of long-term memories

What olfactory structures within the limbic system help link perceived odors to memories?

Olfactory tract and olfactory bulb