Radiation

Radiation comes from the __________.

Nucleus

Protons are positively charged while the neutron is __________.

Neutral

Elements (except helium) always have protons and neutrons, which are called __________.

Nucleons

Any two nuclei that have the same atomic number but different mass numbers are known as __________.

Isotopes

Most carbons in the world are __________, only a little is C-14.

C-12

The decay of unstable nuclei is called __________.

Radioactivity

Alpha decay is released when an unstable nucleus loses __________.

2 protons and neutrons

Gamma decay occurs when a nucleus emits __________.

Gamma rays

The time taken for the number of radioactive nuclei in a sample to halve is called __________.

Half-life

The overall rate of decay of all the isotopes in our sample is known as __________.

Activity

Ionising radiation can cause __________ by ionising our DNA.

Mutations

The order for ionising radiation to penetrate living cells is __________.

Alpha, Beta, Gamma

Alpha particles cannot penetrate the __________, whereas beta and gamma can.

Skin

Large doses of radiation can lead to __________ sickness.

Radiation

The external method of delivering radiation in cancer treatment emits __________ that are targeted at the cancer site.

Gamma rays

The internal method in radiotherapy places a radioactive source __________ the body.

Inside

Beta radiation is more damaging than gamma rays but can’t pass as far __________ the body.

Through

Radiotherapy uses radiation to __________ cancer.

Kill

When a nucleus is unstable, it is __________.

Radioactive

The process of a nucleus changing into another element is called __________.

Transmutation