Untitled Flashcard Set

Prefix Length

Represents the number of contiguous bits set to binary $1$ in the subnet mask, expressed in CIDR notation.

CIDR Notation

Classless Inter-Domain Routing notation used to specify IP addresses and their associated routing prefix (e.g., $/24$).

Logical AND Operation

Bitwise Boolean operation that needs two true factors in for it to work. If one is false end gate returns a false.

Network Address

A network address is the first address in the subnet that is usable. Represent the entire subnet or host.

Broadcast Address

The last address in a subnet where all host bits are set to binary $1$; used to deliver packets to all hosts on the subnet.

Usable Hosts Formula

For a subnet with $n$ host bits, calculated as $\text{Usable Hosts} = 2^n - 2$.

Public Addresses

Globally unique IPv4 addresses routable across the Internet, assigned through authorized registries.

Private Addresses

IPv4 addresses reserved for internal local networks and non-routable on the public Internet (RFC 1918).

Network Address Translation (NAT)

Method allowing multiple devices on a private network to share public IP addresses.

Loopback Address

Address block $127.0.0.0/8$ used for troubleshooting local TCP/IP protocol stack.

Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)

Block $169.254.0.0/16$ automatically self-assigned when a DHCP client cannot reach a DHCP server.

Classful Addressing

Static allocation of IP address blocks based on leading bit patterns, defining five classes (A, B, C, D, E).

IANA

The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority, responsible for global IP address allocation.

Broadcast Domain

Logical division in a network allowing devices to reach each other via data link broadcast.

Variable-Length Subnet Mask (VLSM)

Applying different subnet mask lengths to individual subnets within the same parent network.