CODI 220 Phonetics - Practice Flashcards

Fill-in-the-blank practice flashcards covering phonetics, phonology, speech registers, syllable structure, stress, and speech anatomy based on lecture notes.

Phonetics is defined as the study of __________ sounds.

speech

The area of focus in phonetics that studies the production of speech sounds is __________ phonetics.

articulatory

The method of observing contact between the tongue and the roof of the mouth using ink or sensors is called __________.

palatography

A sound spectrograph creates graphs that encode three acoustic dimensions: frequency, time, and __________.

amplitude

The study of the perception of speech sounds is known as __________ phonetics.

auditory

The application of phonetics in the diagnostic and therapeutic process for individuals with communication disorders is known as __________ phonetics.

clinical

The study of the sound system of a language and how particular sounds contrast to form an integrated system is called __________.

phonology

A class of speech sounds identified by a native speaker as the same sound is called a __________.

phoneme

A nondistinctive realization of the same phoneme that is predictable by its phonetic environment is an __________.

allophone

Words that differ in only one phoneme, such as "cat" and "bat", are called __________ pairs.

minimal

When two sounds are never found in the same phonetic environment, their distribution is described as __________.

complementary

Two sounds that occur in overlapping environments but cause no distinction in word meaning are in __________ variation.

free

Symbols used for written communication and literacy are called graphemes or __________ symbols.

orthographic

A written symbol that represents a morpheme or word, such as "&" or "$", is called a __________.

logogram

An ideogram that consists of a pictorial representation of its referent is called a __________.

pictogram

According to Joos (1961), the five speech registers are frozen, formal, consultative, casual, and __________.

intimate

Over-articulated speech styles are referred to as __________.

hyperspeech

Under-articulated speech styles are referred to as __________.

hypospeech

Lieberman (1963) found that speakers use less precise articulation for __________ words and more precise articulation for unfamiliar words.

familiar

The search for shared features that allow listeners to perceive a sound as the same despite variations in signal is addressing the __________ problem.

invariance

The rules for permissible combinations of phonemes within a language are called __________.

phonotactics

In a syllable structure, the nucleus and the coda together form the __________.

rime

In the syllable tree diagram, the optional initial sound that combines with the rime/rhyme is the __________.

onset

A consonant sound that seems to belong to two adjacent syllables is called __________.

ambisyllabic

The rule stating that intervocalic consonants are maximally assigned to the onset of following syllables is the __________ Onset Principle.

Maximal

Stress in speech has three physical components: duration, pitch, and __________.

loudness

During speech production, breathing shifts from a resting ratio to 10% inhale and __________% exhale.

90

The five anatomical processes for speech production are respiratory, phonatory, resonatory, oro-nasal, and __________.

articulatory

When vocal folds approximate each other and vibrate to create sound, they are in an __________ position.

adducted

When vocal folds are open during normal breathing and voiceless sounds, they are in an __________ position.

abducted

The three major characteristics describing consonants are voicing, place of articulation, and __________ of articulation.

manner