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Type 2 Error
A false negative - accepting the null hypothesis when there is a statistical difference.
Power
Detects the chances that the study will find a true, significant difference anf a false null hypothesis will be rejected.

Effect size
A measurement of the magnitude of a statistical difference and its practical significance.
Cohen’s d
Standardised effect size:
small (d=.2)
medium (d=.5)
large (d=.8)
Used in t-tests
A priori sample size calculation
Determines the sample size needed for a high effect size and reliability of findings.