Inflammation and Wound healing

Inflammation

the body’s protective response to tissue damage. It’s purpose is to eliminate pathogens remove celluoar debris, and begin tissue repair.

Regeneration

the replacement of damaged cells with new cells of the same type. Occurs when surviving or stem cells divide and the tissue’s supporting framework remains intact. If not intact, scar tissue may form

Fibrosis

The replacement of damaged tissue with a collagen-rich connective tissue. Another name for scar tissue

Mast cells

A type of immune cell that stays in tissue. They release potent cytokines that recruit other mast cells. They are considered the first responders in the innate and adaptive immune systems. They release chemicals like histamine to widen blood vessels and ncrease vascular permeability to let other immune cells reach the inflammation site

Rubor

One classic sign of inflammation. It means redness and it is due to vasodilation increasing blood flow to the injured area

Calor

One classic sign of inflammation. It means heat, and is is due to increased blood flow also bringing heat

Tumor

One classic sign of inflammation. it means swelling, and it is because of the increase in capillary permeability, allowing fluid and dissolved proteins to leak into surrounding tissue

Dolor

One classic sign of inflammation. It means pain. It is caused by inflammatory chemicals stimulating pain receptors and swelling increasing pressure on nerve endings

Epidermal wouind

damage is limited to the epidermis. Generally does not bleed, because the epidermis is avascular

Dermal wound

damage that extends through the epidermis into the dermis. Bleeding is stypucally involved and requires more extensive repair

Fracture healing

Unlike skin, bone can regenerate and restore its own original tissue structure. A fracture hematoma forms, then fibrocartilage forms, which is then replaced by woven bone, called hard callus, then bones are remodeled by osteoclasts and osteoblasts

woven bone

A primitive, rapidly formed type of immature bone characterized by a disorganized array of collagen fibers