Respiration and Excretion

Flashcards covering key terms and concepts from the chapter on respiration and excretion.

Respiration

The process in which oxygen and glucose undergo a series of chemical reactions inside cells to release energy.

Functions of the Respiratory System

Move oxygen from the outside environment into the body and remove carbon dioxide and water from the body.

Alveoli

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

Diaphragm

A large, dome-shaped muscle that plays an important role in breathing.

Vocal Cords

Folds of connective tissue stretching across the opening of the larynx that produce voice.

Tobacco Smoke

Contains harmful chemicals like tar, carbon monoxide, and nicotine that can damage the respiratory and circulatory systems.

Excretion

The process of removing wastes produced by cells from the body.

Nephrons

Tiny structures in the kidneys that remove wastes from blood and produce urine.

Urea

A chemical that comes from the breakdown of proteins.

Hemoglobin

The protein in red blood cells that binds oxygen.