Types of Chemical Bonds

What are the three main types of bonds?

Ionic, Covalent, and Metallic.

Elements with large distances on the periodic table tend to form what bonds? Short distances? When metal and nonmetals bond, what type of bond are they?

Ionic Bonds. Covalent Bonds. Ionic Bonds.

What is an ion? What is an ionic bond?

A charged atom. A bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, creating 2 ions that are attracted to each other.

When an atom gains an electron, what is its charge? Loses?

Negative, -. Positive, +.

What types of elements lose electrons easily? What type gain them easily, releasing energy in the process?

Metals. Nonmetals.

What is a crystal lattice?

A formation of atoms that alternate positive and negative ions. Ions bond to form crystal lattices.

Name 3 properties of ionic substances.

a. High melting and boiling points

b. Tend to be brittle solids at room temp.

How are most common materials bonded?

Covalently.

Name 3 properties of covalent substances.

a. Low melting and boiling points.

b. Brittle at room temp.

What is a covalent bond?

A covalent bond is formed by atoms sharing electrons. It is result of the attraction between nuclei and electrons shared.

What are molecules? How are molecules formed?

Smallest particles in a covalent compound. Covalent bonding between atoms.

What are the simplest molecules?

Diatomic (2 similar atoms.)

What is a metallic bond?

The force of attraction between a positively charged metal ion and electrons in the metal. Valence electrons move freely in a "sea of electrons" through the metal.

What are 3 metallic properties, and why do they have them?

a. Good Conductor of Electricity and Heat because of "sea of electrons".

b. Ductile, can be stretched into wires, because electrons are free.

c. Malleability, can be hammered into sheets, because electrons are free.