Lec 2 - Preparing Your Patient

True or False: All procedures done under anesthesia require IV fluids?

False

True or False: All procedures done under anesthesia should have an IV catheter put into the patient?

True

What does an IV catheter allow for?

Administration of anesthetics, analgesic drugs, and fluids, along with the administration of emergency medications

What are some examples of fluid loss during anesthesia?

Evaporation, blood loss, urine production, breath condensation

What are some examples of fluid gain during anesthesia?

IV fluids, saline flush of the surgical site, lavage

Which typically outweighs the other: fluid loss or fluid gain during anesthesia?

Fluid loss

What is the non-surgical maintenance fluid rate for a dog > 30kg?

60 mL/kg/day

What is the non-surgical maintenance fluid rate for a dog 10-30kg?

50 mL/kg/day

What is the non-surgical maintenance fluid rate for a cat or dog < 10kg?

40 mL/kg/day

In general, is more or less fluid /kg/day required for neonates?

More

True or False: Replacement fluids are often used as maintenance fluids for surgery?

True - most animals can handle the extra sodium

What is the surgical fluid rate for cats?

3-5 mL/kg/hr

What is the surgical fluid rate for dogs?

5 mL/kg/hr

By what percentage should your fluid rate be decreased after each hour during surgery?

25%

What are some examples of patients who would need a decreased surgical fluid rate?

Cardiac patients, head traumas, lung contusions, anemia, and hypoproteinemic patients

What are some early onset signs of overhydration?

Drippy nose, tachypnea, dyspnea, restlessness, coughing

What are some late-onset signs of overhydration?

Increased lung sounds, conjunctival edema, SQ edema elsewhere

Why are cats especially vulnerable to fluid overload?

Small blood volume, slower metabolism, and underlying cardiac disease