Domain 1/3 Terms

prospective memory

Type of memory associated with remembering to perform an action or event planned for a future date (e.g., attend a medical appointment, take medication,

procedural memory

Type of long-term memory associated with knowing how to perform learned skills and tasks, such as riding a bike or playing a musical instrument.

Semantic memory

Type of declarative long-term memory associated with retrieval of common knowledge, including vocabulary and general facts (e.g., colors, names of p

episodic memory

Type of declarative long-term memory associated with retrieval of personal information (e.g., food eaten for lunch, clothing worn to school, events at a party)

implicit memory

Automatic retrieval of motor or cognitive information required to perform

explicit memory

Purposeful retrieval of experiences and factual information about everyday life events

Types include:
• episodic
• semantic

aphasia

Receptive and/or expressive language impairment secondary to a brain lesion

persevation

Thinking or talking about the same thing repeatedly without ability to independently redirect

diplopia

double vision

ideational dyspraxia

Neurobehavioral deficit characterized by the inability to correctly use an everyday tool or object for its intended purpose (e.g., using a comb to brush teeth)

light meter

Assessment tool used for measuring ambient and natural lighting levels in context to determine areas of poor illumination that may hinder optimal occupational performance

force measure

Environmental assessment tool for measuring push or pull force required to manage:
• doors
• drawers
• windows

clinometer

environmental tool to measure lateral slope of a ramp, floor, or pathway

sharps inventory

A process of accounting for all supplies that have high-harm risk potential before and after an intervention session

proxy

A person who provides information or answers to questions on behalf of a client during an interview or a questionaire

beck depression index

13 to 80, to test for depression

home environment assessment protocoal (Heap)

Observation and interview-based assessment used to identify need for home modifications

Features include:
• given to caregivers of clients who have dementia
- scored on safety hazards, functional adaptations, clutter, and comfort

Caregiver Strain Index

Questionnaire administered to caregivers to identify potential concerns related to the caregiver role

Features include:
• given to caregivers who provide assistance to an older adult
•7 or above warrants further assessment

Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA)

Screening tool administered to adult populations to identify mild cognitive impairment

Features include:
• pencil-and-paper tasks and verbal tasks
•scores range from 0 to 30; 26 or above is normal

Executive Function Performance Assessment

Performance-based assessment that evaluates executive functions and amount of cueing required during functional activities

Features include:
• administered to adult populations
• observation of 4 independent living tasks: preparing oatmeal, managing medications, paying bills, and using the telephone

contextual memory test (cmt)

Standardized screening tool and questionnaire used to evaluate self-awareness and use of cognitive compensatory strategies

Features include:
• based on the Dynamic Interactional Model of Cognition
- used in adults with memory impairment

modified ashworth scale

measures spasticity during passive stretching

Bay Area Functional Performance Evaluation

Standardized assessment tool administered to adults who have mental health conditions, neurological impairment, and intellectual disability

Features include:
• measures affective, cognitive, and performance ability
• contains 2 subtests: Task-Oriented Assessment (TOA) and Social Interaction Scale (SIS)

Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT)

Standardized, norm-referenced pediatric assessment of motor proficiency

Features include:
• gross motor and fine motor subtests
- short form can be used for screening

peabody developmental motor scales (pdms)

Pediatric assessment used to evaluate fine and gross motor skills

Features include:
• norm-referenced
• results provide: percentile rank, standard score, and age equivalents

Miller Function and Participation Scales (M-Fun)

Observation and performance-based pediatric evaluation tool to assess the impact of motor abilities on social participation at home and at school

Hawaii Early Learning Profile (HELP)

Curriculum-based pediatric assessment used to screen growth and development and assist in establishing an intervention plan

Features include:
• non-standardized
• criterion-referenced
• family-centered

sensory processing measure (SPM)

Pediatric observation-based rating scale used to measure sensory processing

Features include:
• norm-referenced
- contains 3 forms: home, classroom, and school environments

Community Integration Measure (CIM)

Self-report measurement tool that assesses the level and quality of community integration for adults with disabilities where a higher score indicates better community integration

sensory profile (SP)

Questionnaire used to determine patterns of sensory responses during daily life activities

bayley scales of infant and toddler development

Observation-based rating scale used to assess developmental functioning

Features include:
• performance-based tasks and questionnaires for caregivers
•assess cognition, language, and motor delays

Berg Balance Scale

Objective functional balance test used to assess static and dynamic balance abilities

Features include:
• valid for older adults
- interpreted scores risks for falls

Motor-Free Visual Perception Test (MVPT)

An assessment used to measure visual perceptual skills

Features include:
• valid for pediatrics and adults
-task performance does not require motor ability

Non-standardized sensory screening: Stereonosis

Procedure used to determine the ability to identify small objects, includes occluding the client’s vision and placing a common object in the hand (e.g., coin, block, safety pin, screw, sponge) and asking the client to identify the object at one time

Non-standardized sensory screening: pain

Procedure used to screen protective sensation, includes using a safety pin to apply sharp/ blunt stimuli to the end of a pin to the fingertip

Client responds sharp or dull

Non-standardized sensory screening: vibration

Procedure involves touching an activated tuning fork (e.g., 30 cycles per second, 256 cycles per second) to the fingertip to screen awareness of rapidly adapting sensory fibers

Non-standardized sensory screening: temperature

Procedure used to screen discrimination of warm and cold stimuli, includes touching skin in an alternative manner with tubes filled with warm and cold water

- responds warm or cold

Non-standardized sensory screening: touch awareness

procedure includes swiping a fingertip with a cotton ball, pencil eraser or other small object

client responds yes or no

Non standardized sensory screening

Process used to obtain a general understanding of a client’s ability to perceive sensory input, includes screening for:
• Touch awareness
• Pain awareness
• Temperature awareness
• Proprioception
• Kinesthesia

Lacks inherit reliability and validitiy

Evaluation Tool of Children’s Handwriting (ETCH)

Performance-based assessment of legibility and speed of handwriting

Features include:
• criterion-referenced
- different vesions to evaluate cursive and handwriting

Finklestin’s test

Screening test used to detect deQuervain’s tenosynovitis, performed by having the client grasp the thumb with the fingers into the palm of the hand then ulnar deviating the wrist

- positive tests elicits pain along radial aspect of wrist

cubital tunnel syndrome

happens when the ulnar nerve—commonly known as the "funny bone" nerve—becomes compressed, stretched, or irritated as it passes through the cubital tunnel on the inside of the elbow

Goal attainment Scale

Outcome measurement system used in pediatrics that includes:
• weighting goals by level of importance
• measuring effectiveness of intervention
- ultizing input from family, intervention team, and child

froment’s sign

Screening test used to detect an ulnar nerve lesion, performed by having a client forcefully hold a piece of paper between the thumb and radial side of the proximal phalanx of the second digit, a positive test results in flexion of the IP joint of the thumb to substitute for absence of the adductor pollicis

transition planning inventory

Vocational inventory and rating scale used to understand the transition needs after graduating high school

Performance Assessment of Self Care Skills (PASS)

Observation-based rating scale used to measure assistance needed in daily living tasks

Features include:
• contains clinic and home versions
• criterion-referenced
- examiner measures independence, safety, and adequecy

barthel index of adl

ADL rating scale based on a client's current level of function

Features include:
• ability to rate 10 activities in areas of ADL and mobility
• can be completed through self-report or interview of a caregiver
•received a higher score indicates a greater level of ability

nine hole peg test

Standardized, timed test to assess finger dexterity

Features of the test include:
• picking up and placing pegs into holes one at a time
- approriate for ages 18 years and older

Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test

Standardized test to assess a variety of hand functions used in ADL

Features of the test include:
• seven timed subtests to simulate functional hand tasks
- appropriate with 6 years or older

glasgow coma scale

neurological screening tool used to identify level of consciousness and measure severity of traumatic brain injury

Features include:
• 15-point scale
• measures motor, verbal, and eye opening responses

internal consistency

Correlation statistic calculated to ensure items on a test deliver consistent scores

intrarater reliability

The ability of a test to yield similar results when administered to the same client by the same therapist with repeated testing

Box and Blocks Test

Standardized test to assess unilateral gross manual dexterity

Features of the test include:
• moving blocks from one side of a box to the other
- appropriate for ages 6 years and older

inter-rater reliability

Ability of the test to yield similar results when administered to the same client by two independent raters

anthrometric

measurements that refer to the size and proportions of the human body

ipsative assessment

A type of standardized test in which the client rates their own level of performance using specific testing instructions and the results are compared at separate intervals over time

Examples include:
• Canadian Occupational Performance Measure
- pediatric volitional questionaire

criterion referenced test

Type of standardized test includes comparing abilities of a client to a defined list of skills or level of performance
Examples include:
• School Function Assessment
• gross motor function measure

self report test

Test for collecting data on performance or behavior directly from the client, caregivers or relevant others
Examples include:
• Ages and Stages Questionnaire
• children’s assessment of participation and enjoyment

non-standardized test

Evaluation tool that measures ability or performance that is not compared to a norm or standard

test-retest reliability

Consistency of a test in yielding similar results over time calculated by administering the same test on two different occasions

Disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH)

Standardized self-report questionnaire to assess physical function and symptoms in upper limb musculoskeletal disorders, commonly used to collect outcomes information

Features of the test include:
• 30 items related to upper extremity function
- appropriate for ages 18 and older

Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument (PODCI)

Standardized measure for children with musculoskeletal disorders used to assess several domains of function and quality of life

Features of the test include:
• 0 – 100 rating scale
• 19 years and younger

pediatric quality of life inventory (PedsQL)

Standardized pediatric measure for children with acute and chronic health conditions as well as healthy children used to assess health related quality of life

Features of the test include:
• appropriate for ages 2 to 18 years

school function assessment

Questionnaire used with students K-6 to evaluate performance in functional tasks that support social and academic performance at school

Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique (CHART)

Questionnaire used to determine the extent to which a client’s disability impacts level of participation in everyday life activities

Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MoHOST)

Evaluation tool based on the Model of Human Occupation designed to assess a client’s occupational functioning in the areas of volition, skills, habituation, and the enivornment

rancho los amigos level of cogntive functioning

Descriptive 10 level behavioral scale of cognitive function typically used with a client after a TBI, typically used to guide behavioral interventions

work performance measure

A part of the vocational rehabilitation process that includes evaluation of a client’s ability to perform demands of the workplace

Functional Capacity Evaluation

Objective evaluation process, also referred to as work capacity evaluation/assessment, to determine functional and physical abilities related to essential job tasks

Canadian Occupational Performance Measure

Occupational performance evaluation and outcome measurement tool that measures perceived capacity and satisfaction in the areas of self-care, productivity and leisure

Interest checklist

Client-centered instrument used for avocational pursuits to determine:
• current level of participation in leisure activities
• level of desire to perform leisure activities

Semmes Weinstein Monofilament Test

Tactile sensory test used to assess thresholds of protective sensation by pressing or touching filaments on specific areas of the body

wrinkle test

Objective measure of sympathetic responses used to test peripheral nerve function by immersing client’s hand in warm water for approximately 5 to 15 minutes

numeric rating pain scale

Self-report pain measure where a client verbalizes a number to correspond with a perceived level of pain from no pain to most severe

visual analogue pain scale

Self-report pain measure that uses a 0 – 10 scale where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates worst pain

faces pain scale - revised (fps-r)

Self-report pain analog measure that uses pictures of facial expressions across a rating scale, primarily designed for children aged 4-16 years

open-ended interview

A nonstandardized and unstructured type of interview that allows the client to openly share information and the interviewer to ask follow-up questions customized based on the client’s response

non-standardized sensory screening: proprioception

Procedure used to determine the ability to sense joint position, involves moving a joint in a specific position and asking the client to replicate the position with the contralateral extremity

spinal stenosis

Narrowing of intervertebral foramen often compressing the nerve as it exits the spinal column, symptoms may include:
• pain
• paresthesia
• muscle weakness
• sensory changes

bipolar 1

manic mostly

bipolar 2

primarily depressive

cyclothymic disorder

Less severe form of bipolar disorder

Duration of symptoms does not meet the criteria of major manic or depressive disorder

torticollis

Dystonic disorder that is either congenital or acquired; defined by an abnormal, asymmetrical head or neck position

Interventions may include:
• ROM exercises
• positioning
• environmental adaptations

bulimia nervosa

Eating disorder characterized by:
• fear of gaining weight
• binge eating followed by purging (e.g., vomiting, or use of laxatives/diuretics) secondary to excessive concern about body weight

binge eating disorder

Eating disorder characterized by:
• excessive intake and weight gain
• maladaptive copin mechanism to deal with stress, anxiety, or depression

depersonalization

DSM-5 classification of dissociative disorders characterized by:
• retreating into a dreamy world with unrealistic feelings
• impaired self-awareness
• disconnecting from the physical being

emotional lability

A neurobehavioral impairment characterized by a rapid change in mood that is often disproportionate to the circumstances or the expected emotion

duchenne muscular dystrophy

Inherited genetic disorder resulting in muscular weakness and atrophy of the proximal musculature of the pelvis and shoulder girdle, symptoms more common in males and detected around 3 years of age

Results in gradual loss of independent ambulation and progressive deterioration of musculature of the trunk, neck, and distal extremities

Cognition typically unaffected

swan neck deformity

Joint deformity consisting of PIP hyperextension and DIP flexion commonly associated with rheumatoid arthritis and tendon trauma

Intervention may include a tri point orthoses to prevent pip hyperextension

bouterneire deformity

Joint deformity consisting of PIP flexion and DIP hyperextension, commonly associated with rheumatoid arthritis and PIP joint trauma

Intervention may include fabrication of orthosis to support the PIP in extension while allowing movement at the dip

clonus

Reflexive abnormal motor movements in response to a tendon stretch (as in reflex testing), indicative of a cortical lesion, characterized by a series of involuntary rhytmic contraction and relaxation of the muscles

lead pipe ridgidity

Motor dysfunction secondary to a lesion of the basal ganglia where during slow passive ROM, constant resistance is felt throughout; common symptom of parkinson’s disease

clasp knife rigidity

Reflexive abnormal motor response due to a cortical lesion in which a spastic muscle suddenly relase tension and gives way in response to a passive stretch

mallet finger

Inability to extend DIP joint due to rupture of the distal end of extensor tendon

Intervention may include static orthoses to maintain dip in extension

cog-wheel rigifity

Motor dysfunction secondary to a lesion of the basal ganglia in which the muscles respond in a jerky motion when force is applied during flexion of a joint, common symptom of parkinson’s

Kohlman Evaluation of Living Skills (KELS)

The assessment combines interview questions and performance-based tasks to test 17 basic living skills grouped into 5 core areas:

decerbate rigidity

Characteristic abnormal reflexive posturing secondary to a severe brain injury, typically in patients with a score of two on the motor section of the Glasgow coma scale, includes:
• adduction and extension of the arms next to the body
• pronation of the forearms
• flexion of the wrists and fingers
• extension and internal rotation of the legs
• plantar flexion of the feet

neurotmesis

Seddon’s classification of a completely severed nerve where recovery will not occur unless surgically repaired
Intervention may include:
• pain relief
• orthotic positioning
• controlled motion exercises
• neural gliding exercises
• scar and edema management
• compensatory techniques
• patient education

axonometsis

Seddon’s classification of a nerve compression that recovers spontaneously but is more severe compared to a neuropraxia: characteristics of this nerve injury include:
• axon and myelin sheath disruption occurs
• endoneurium remains intact

chorea

an abnormal, involuntary movement disorder characterized by brief, abrupt, irregular, and unpredictable dance-like motions