Queen Elizabeth I Practice Flashcards

Flashcards covering Queen Elizabeth I's early life, religious settlement, conflict with Mary Queen of Scots, and the Spanish Armada.

When was Princess Elizabeth Tudor born, and who were her parents?

She was born on $7\text{ September }1533$ to King Henry VIII and his second wife, Anne Boleyn.

Which three country houses did Elizabeth and her half-sister Mary reside in during their childhood?

Hatfield and Eltham, near London, and Hunsdon House in Hertfordshire.

How many languages could Princess Elizabeth speak by the time she was sixteen?

She could speak $5$ languages: English, French, Italian, Greek, and Latin.

Who served as Princess Elizabeth's personal tutor between $1548$ and $1550$?

Robert Ascham.

How old was Elizabeth when her father died in $1547$, and who succeeded him?

She was $13$ years old, and her $9\text{-year-old}$ half-brother, Edward, became king.

In what year did Queen Mary die, and how old was Elizabeth when she became Queen of England?

Queen Mary died in $1558$, and Elizabeth became queen at $25$ years old.

What title did Queen Elizabeth assume under her Religious Settlement to satisfy Catholics regarding Church leadership?

Governor (not Head) of the Church of England.

What were Catholics called who refused to attend Protestant Church services and paid fines for staying home?

Recusants.

Which Catholic Pope excommunicated Queen Elizabeth and called her a 'pretend' queen?

Pope Pius V.

Who served as Queen Elizabeth's chief spy and monitored Catholics using secret agents?

Sir Francis Walsingham.

What were secret hiding places built inside houses to protect Catholic priests from capture called?

Priest holes (such as the secret priest hole located in Harvington Hall, Kidderminster).

How many years did Queen Elizabeth I reign over England?

Her reign lasted $44$ years.

How old was Mary, Queen of Scots, when she inherited the throne of Scotland in $1542$?

She was $6$ days old when her father, King James V of Scotland, died.

In what year did Mary, Queen of Scots, flee to England, and how long was she imprisoned by Elizabeth?

She fled to England in $1568$ and was imprisoned for $19$ years.

What was the name of the $1586$ plot to assassinate Queen Elizabeth and make Mary, Queen of Scots, queen?

The Babington Plot, organized by Anthony Babington.

How were secret coded messages smuggled to Mary, Queen of Scots during the Babington Plot?

They were hidden in beer barrels that were delivered to her room.

Which secretary slipped Mary, Queen of Scots' death warrant among other papers for Elizabeth to sign in February $1587$?

William Davison.

Who recorded an eyewitness account of the execution of Mary, Queen of Scots in $1587$?

Robert Wynkfield.

What action did Sir Francis Drake take in Cadiz harbour on $20\text{ April }1587$?

He sailed into Cadiz harbour in southern Spain and set fire to $30$ Spanish royal warships.

Which modern-day countries made up the Spanish Netherlands during the reign of Elizabeth I?

Belgium and Luxembourg.

How large was the Spanish Armada in terms of ship count and sea area covered?

It consisted of $130$ warships covering an area of about $12\,\text{km}^2$ of sea.

What cannonball weights did English warships fire during battle against the Armada?

They fired $20\,\text{kg}$ solid cannonballs through ship sides and $8\,\text{kg}$ balls ('man killers') at enemy sailors.

Who were the primary military commanders of the English Navy in $1588$?

Lord Howard of Effingham and Sir Francis Drake.

Who was appointed commander of the Spanish Armada by King Philip II?

The Duke of Medina Sidonia.

On what date was the Spanish Armada first spotted off Cornwall, prompting the lighting of hilltop beacons?

$29\text{ July }1588$.

When did the Spanish Armada arrive in Calais, France, to wait for delayed troops?

$6\text{ August }1588$.

What tactical attack did Sir Francis Drake launch against Spanish ships anchored at Calais?

He launched $8$ fireships filled with straw, gunpowder, tar, and barrels of pig fat.

How many of the original $130$ ships in the Spanish Armada made it back to Spain?

Only $67$ ships made it back to Spain.

According to Stephen White-Thomson's interpretation, why was the Duke of Medina Sidonia no match for English leaders?

He was seasick as soon as his flagship put out to sea.