The Colosseum

munera

gladiator games

ludi

gladiator schools

fama

fame / kleos in greek

virtus

manliness/honour

first non funeral munera

julius ceasar 65BC

gladius 

short sword 

arena

sand

secutor

follower or chaser

scutum

shield

secutor weapons 

gladius and scutum 

retiarius

net man

rete 

net 

galerus

shoulder guard

weapons of a retiarius

net(rete), trident and galerus

murmillo

fish man

cassis crista 

helmet of murmillo 

manica 

scaled arm guard 

weapons of a murmillo

cassis crista, scutum, gladius and a manica

length of gladius

1.5 feet

parmula

small rectangular or round shield

sica 

short sword with a slight curve on the blade 

sica resembled ….

sword used in central europe

weapons of a thraex

parmula and a sica

bestiarii

condemned prisoners set among animals to be slaughtered 

venatores

fight wild animals

rudis

wooden sword presented to gladiators retiring after a long successful careers

gladiator referees job

ensure fair play, used a stick to separate fighters