nsci 175 exam 1

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Neuroscience

University/Undergrad

Last updated 9:28 PM on 2/5/23
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40 Terms

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oligodendrocytes
myelinate many neurons of CNS
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Schwann cells
myelinate single neurons of PNS
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microglia
brain immune cells, prune synapses by cleaning
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astrocytes
regulate synapse formation, metabolic support, regulate circuits, connect nodes
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Nernst equation
calculate equilibrium potential for single ion
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Goldman equation
use relative permeability to calculate RMP
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increase internal Na
increased positive internal potential
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increase extracellular K
depolarization
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Ach anatomy
basal forebrain → hippocampus
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Ach function
learning, memory, reward, stress, food intake
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Ach receptors
nicotinic (LGIC), muscarinic (GPCR)
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Ach drugs
agonists: nicotine, muscarine

antagonists: curare, atropine
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glutamate anatomy
located everywhere
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glutamate function
major excitatory NT
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glutamate receptors
AMPA, NMDA (LGIC), few GPCR
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glutamate drugs
agonists: AMPA, NMDA, Kainate
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GABA anatomy
cerebellum → spinal cord

hippocampus → everywhere
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GABA function
major inhibitory NT
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GABA receptors
GABAb1, GABAb2 (GPCR), GABA-gated Cl channel (LGIC)
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GABA drugs
agonists: benzodiazepines, barbiturates, ethanol
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dopamine anatomy
substantia nigra → striatum

VTA → frontal lobe, nucleus accumbens
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dopamine function
voluntary mvt

reward, motivation
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dopamine receptors
GPCR
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dopamine drugs
drugs of abuse (heroin, alcohol, etc)

cocaine blocks reuptake, amphetamines reverse
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norepinephrine anatomy
catechol, made in locus coeruleus
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norepinephrine function
attn, alertness, arousal
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norepinephrine receptors
GPCR
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norepinephrine drugs
cocaine blocks reuptake amphetamines reverse
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serotonin anatomy
raphe nuclei
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serotonin function
mood, sleep/wake, breathing
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serotonin receptors
GPCR
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serotonin drugs
LSD, MDMA, SSRIs
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endocannabinoid anatomy
made + released from postsynaptic neurons on demand
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endocannabinoid function
inhibit release of other NTs
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endocannabinoid receptors
CB1
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endocannabinoid drugs
THC
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input specificity
LTP only occurs after certain inputs, not all
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cooperativity
multiple synapses can contribute to LTP
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LTP induction
depolarization (Ca), AMPA + NMDA
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LTP expression
depolarization displaces Mg in NMDA Ca enters thru NMDA, Ca activates protein kinases, protein kinases cause more AMPA + NMDA