chem 1A midterm (2)

What is the formula and charge of aluminum?

Al³⁺

What is the formula and charge of ammonium?

NH₄⁺

What is the formula and charge of barium?

Ba²⁺

What is the formula and charge of cadmium?

Cd²⁺

What is the formula and charge of calcium?

Ca²⁺

What is the formula and charge of cesium?

Cs⁺

What is the formula and charge of chromium(III)?

Cr³⁺

What is the formula and charge of cobalt(II)?

Co²⁺

What is the formula and charge of copper(I)?

Cu⁺

What is the formula and charge of copper(II)?

Cu²⁺

What is the formula and charge of hydrogen?

H⁺

What is the formula and charge of iron(II)?

Fe²⁺

What is the formula and charge of iron(III)?

Fe³⁺

What is the formula and charge of lead(II)?

Pb²⁺

What is the formula and charge of lithium?

Li⁺

What is the formula and charge of magnesium?

Mg²⁺

What is the formula and charge of manganese(II)?

Mn²⁺

What is the formula and charge of mercury(I)?

Hg₂²⁺

What is the formula and charge of mercury(II)?

Hg²⁺

What is the formula and charge of potassium?

K⁺

What is the formula and charge of rubidium?

Rb⁺

What is the formula and charge of silver?

Ag⁺

What is the formula and charge of sodium?

Na⁺

What is the formula and charge of strontium?

Sr²⁺

What is the formula and charge of tin(II)?

Sn²⁺

What is the formula and charge of zinc?

Zn²⁺

What is the formula and charge of bromide?

Br⁻

What is the formula and charge of carbonate?

CO₃²⁻

What is the formula and charge of chlorate?

ClO₃⁻

What is the formula and charge of chloride?

Cl⁻

What is the formula and charge of chromate?

CrO₄²⁻

What is the formula and charge of cyanide?

CN⁻

What is the formula and charge of dichromate?

Cr₂O₇²⁻

What is the formula and charge of dihydrogen phosphate?

H₂PO₄⁻

What is the formula and charge of fluoride?

F⁻

What is the formula and charge of hydride?

H⁻

What is the formula and charge of hydrogen carbonate?

HCO₃⁻

What is the formula and charge of hydrogen phosphate?

HPO₄²⁻

What is the formula and charge of hydrogen sulfate?

HSO₄⁻

What is the formula and charge of hydroxide?

OH⁻

What is the formula and charge of iodide?

I⁻

What is the formula and charge of nitrate?

NO₃⁻

What is the formula and charge of nitride?

N³⁻

What is the formula and charge of nitrite?

NO₂⁻

What is the formula and charge of oxide?

O²⁻

What is the formula and charge of permanganate?

MnO₄⁻

What is the formula and charge of peroxide?

O₂²⁻

What is the formula and charge of phosphate?

PO₄³⁻

What is the formula and charge of sulfate?

SO₄²⁻

What is the formula and charge of sulfide?

S²⁻

What is the formula and charge of sulfite?

SO₃²⁻

What is the formula and charge of thiocyanate?

SCN⁻

What is a monatomic ion?

An ion consisting of one atom.

What is a polyatomic ion?

An ion consisting of multiple bonded atoms with an overall charge.

Is ammonium monatomic or polyatomic?

Polyatomic.

Is mercury(I) monatomic or polyatomic?

Polyatomic.

Why is mercury(I) Hg₂²⁺ instead of Hg⁺?

It consists of two mercury atoms with an overall +2 charge.

What does the Roman numeral in iron(III) indicate?

Iron has a +3 charge.

What does the Roman numeral in copper(I) indicate?

Copper has a +1 charge.

Why do some transition metals need Roman numerals?

They can form ions with different possible charges.

Does sodium require a Roman numeral?

No. Sodium has a fixed +1 charge.

Does zinc require a Roman numeral?

No. Zinc has a fixed +2 charge.

What charge do Group 1 metals usually form?

+1.

What charge do Group 2 metals usually form?

+2.

What charge does aluminum usually form?

+3.

What is the overall charge of a neutral ionic compound?

Zero.

What must happen to the charges in an ionic formula?

Positive and negative charges must balance.

Can you change subscripts inside a polyatomic ion?

No. Preserve the ion's formula.

When do you put parentheses around a polyatomic ion?

When more than one copy is needed.

What does a subscript outside parentheses indicate?

The number of complete polyatomic ions.

When are parentheses unnecessary?

When only one polyatomic ion is present.

What is the first step in writing an ionic formula?

Identify the cation, anion, and their charges.

What is the second step in writing an ionic formula?

Balance the total positive and negative charges.

What is the third step in writing an ionic formula?

Reduce subscripts to the lowest whole-number ratio.

What is the fourth step in writing an ionic formula?

Add parentheses around repeated polyatomic ions.

Write aluminum oxide.

Al₂O₃

Write calcium bromide.

CaBr₂

Write sodium carbonate.

Na₂CO₃

Write magnesium nitride.

Mg₃N₂

Write lithium sulfide.

Li₂S

Write calcium phosphate.

Ca₃(PO₄)₂

Write ammonium sulfate.

(NH₄)₂SO₄

Write iron(III) oxide.

Fe₂O₃

Write copper(I) oxide.

Cu₂O

Write copper(II) chloride.

CuCl₂

Write magnesium hydroxide.

Mg(OH)₂

Write barium nitrate.

Ba(NO₃)₂

Write aluminum sulfate.

Al₂(SO₄)₃

Write zinc phosphate.

Zn₃(PO₄)₂

Write potassium dichromate.

K₂Cr₂O₇

Write iron(II) carbonate.

FeCO₃

Write tin(II) chloride.

SnCl₂

Write sodium hydrogen carbonate.

NaHCO₃

Write calcium hydrogen phosphate.

CaHPO₄

Name FeCl₃.

Iron(III) chloride.

Name FeCl₂.

Iron(II) chloride.

Name Cu₂O.

Copper(I) oxide.

Name CuO.

Copper(II) oxide.

Name Ca(NO₃)₂.

Calcium nitrate.

Name (NH₄)₂SO₄.

Ammonium sulfate.