Racial Issues 1877-1929

What established an elaborate system of segregation in the US?

jim crow laws

What did the Jim Crow Laws do to the 14th amendment?

stripped it of meaning

How did states bypass the 15th amendment?

literacy tests, poll taxes, and intimidation

What supreme court case upheld the Jim Crow Laws? When?

plessy v. ferguson 1896

What did Plessy V. Ferguson say about segregation?

separate but equal

How did some blacks escape the south?

went west, joined the army, became cowboys

How did sharecropping work?

people rented land from an owner, farmed it, and paid rent

What institute did Booker T. Washington found?

tuskegee institute

What was Booker T. Washington’s philosophy?

get educated and earn the respect of whites

What was Booker T. Washingtons philosophy called?

atlanta compromise

Who was Ida B. Wells?

woman who tried to stop lynching, had three friends killed for no reason, wrote three pamphlets exposing lynching

Who was W.E.B. DuBois?

anti segregationist

What figure did DuBois attack? What book did DuBois write?

booker t washington, souls of black folk

What organization did DuBois help form?

national association for the advancement of colored people

What was the NAACP?

organization that led the push for civil rights using lawsuits

What was the Tulsa Race Riot?

armed black men stop a lynching, shots fired, big gun battle, mobs descend on the town

What restarted the Ku Klux Klan?

birth of a nation

What did the KKK do in 1925? And again in 1926?

march on washington

Who was A. Phillip Randolph? What organization did he lead and try to improve?

led brotherhood of sleeping car porters, gained better pay, shorter work week, and overtime pay

What act was passed in 1941?

the fair employment act

What did the Fair Employment Act do?

banned discrimination if war industries

Who was Herbert Hoover? Why was he a bad president? What was his name associated with? What the final straw with him?

self made millionaire that was the president, never willing to spend enough to make change, associated with economic distress, the bonus army

What was not so affectionately named after Herbert Hoover?

shantytowns changed to hoovervilles

What was the bonus army? What happened to them?

veterans who protested for their bonus, set up camp in washington, hoover calls the police, they throw rocks at the police, police kill two, army is called and drives them away