Head 2. Human Anatomy

Describe the structure of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), and how this joint differs from the other synovial joints.

It has a fibrocartilage joint capsule

and its also divided into 2 parts (dived by the articular disc)

How many of each type of teeth do humans have? What is our dental formula?

We have 8 incisors

4 canines

8 pre molars

12 molars

and our dental formula is 2,1,2,3

What are the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Intrinsic: Superior longitudinal, Vertical transverse, Inferior longitudinal

Extrinsic: Genioglossus, Hyoglossus, Styloglossus, Palatoglossus

What types of movements do the Intrinsic tongue muscles do?

(what are the intrinsic tongue muscles??)

The intrinsic muscles can change the shape (fold tongue)

(Superior longitudinal, Vertical transverse, Inferior longitudinal)

What types of movements do the Extrinsic tongue muscles do?

(what are the Extrinsic tongue muscles??)

The Extrinsic tongue muscles move the tongue around (protrude, retract, elevate, depress)

(Genioglossus, Hyoglossus, Styloglossus, Palatoglossus)

How are the intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles innervated?

(What nerve is innervating them?)

They are ALL innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

What movement is the mandible capable of?

Protrusion, retraction, elevation, depression, medial excursion, latteral excursion.

What muscle(s) produce the movements of the protrusion of the mandible?

Masseter muscle

What muscle(s) produce the movements of the retraction of the mandible?

Temporalis muscle

What muscle(s) produce the movements of the Elevation (closing the jaw) of the mandible?

Temporalis, Masseter, Medial pterygoid

What muscle(s) produce the movements of the Depression (opening the jaw) of the mandible?

Latteral pterygoid, Digastric anterior belly

What muscle(s) produce the movements of the Medial excursion of the mandible?

Medial pterygoid

What muscle(s) produce the movements of the Lateral excursion of the mandible?

Lateral pterygoid

What innervates all the muscles that move the jaw??

Muscles that move the jaw: Masseter,Temporalis, Medial pterygoid, Lateral pterygoid, Digastric anterior belly,

ALL of these are innervated by (CN V3)

Mandibular nerve

this is the third branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)

What are the muscles of facial expression?

Frontalis

Orbicularis Oculi (embedded in soft tissue)

Zygomaticus Major

Buccinator

Orbicularis Oris

Platysma (Big flat sheet)

Auricular

Auricular { anterior, superior, posterior

What does the facial expression muscle Frontalis do?

eyebrow raiser, forehead shrivilar

What does the facial expression muscle Orbicularis Oculi do?

Its circling around the eye and its opening and closing it

(please look this one up i was totally zoned out)

This muscle is embedded in SOFT TISSUE (none of the other muscles do that, this one is fancy)

What does the facial expression muscle Zygomaticus major do?

Smile lifter

What does the facial expression muscle Buccinator do?

cheek stiffener

(on your face cheeks, were not in pre-k)

What does the facial expression muscle Orbicularis Oris do?

Purse lips, like blowing bubbles

and its just a ring of muscle around your mouth

What does the facial expression muscle Platysma do?

Frown

this is that giant sheet of muscle that goes like down into the neck, if you make silly faces it gives those lines on your neck that stick out

What does the facial expression muscle Auricular (anterior, posterior, middle) do?

These are ear movers.

What are the branches of the external carotid artery?

Sal Found Out PMS

this is the mnemonic. Please work from here to figure it out.