m9 pt. 5 | hypnotics, tranquilizers, & sedatives

• tranquilizers

• Sedative

• Chloral hydrates

• Benzodiazepine

• Phenothiazine

• Thioxanthene

• Butyrophenone

• Rauwolfia

Under hypnotics, tranquilizers, & sedative

Tranquilizers

Without drowsiness

Sedative

Drowsiness and hypnosis

Barbiturates

Under sedatives

Barbiturates

• Through oral route or injectable (low dose it will become hypnotic.

• In much lower dose it will become a sedative

• barbital

• Phenobarbital

• Amobarbital

• Secobarbital

• Pentobarbital

Under barbiturates

Chloral hydrates

Good choice as hypnotics

Benzodiazepine

Muscle relaxants

• diazepam

• Midazolam

• Chlordiazepoxide

Under benzodiazepine

Diazepam

• Through oral route or injectable (low dose it will become hypnotic.

• In much lower dose it will become a sedative

Midozolam

• muscle relaxants

• Hypnotics

• Mixed w zolazepam

Chlordiazepoxide

Normally may cause an effect to the liver which causes icterus

• acepromazine/ xylazine

• Chlorpromazine

• Promazine

• Triflupromazime

• Ethylisoburerazine

Under phenothiazine

• tranquilizer/ sedative without analgesic effects

Acepromazine/xylazine

• Commonly used in horses, because visual and auditory are not affected.

• But is causes Priapism in Horses,

  • Priapism is penile prolapse and does not retract.

Chlorpromazine

• Used as hypnotics, sedative tranquilizer, and as anti-emetic drug in dogs but not in cats

• Used as anti-arrhythmic drug

• dichlorvos (op compound)

• Physostigmine (ACh inhibitor)

When Chlorpromazine increases the function/ activity of

Epinephrine

Contraindicated with chlorpromazine

Promazine

Seldom use in equine practice because before the horse experience hypnosis it would experience little excitement

Triflupromazine

In sheep, it affects the erythrocytes (RBC).

Ethylisobuterazine

• Mostly used in small animal practice as a sedative, to calm the patient (ex. grooming).

• It is used to prevent mutilation, to quiet the animal.

Chlorprothixene

Under thioxanthene

Chlorprothixene

• Is a good anti-emetic, antihistamine

• Note the in Pigs, it increases the body temperature leading to Hyperthermia.

• heloperidol

• Droperidol

• Azaperone

• Leperone

Under butyrophenone

Haloperidol

• It may cause Galactorrhea (excessive excretion of milk)

• Is also a psychotropic drug

Droperidol

• Used as anti-emetic

• Epinephrine is contraindicated

• It may cause Galactorrhea (excessive excretion of milk)

Azaperone

• Used in swine, to correct malignant hyperthermia

• Used to prevent aggression in a piglets and sow (alternative is Redhorse)

• reserpine

• Methoserpate

Under rauwolfia

Neuronal blocking sympatholytic drugs

reserpine and methoserpate are both