Chapter 24

John Turchinetz

Served in the Navy during WWII; son of Eastern European immigrants.

Cold War Era

A period characterized by ideological competition and tension, primarily between the USA and USSR.

USSR's economy

Socialist economy with limited individual rights and an autarkic system.

US economy

Capitalist economy with traditions of individualism.

Yalta Conference

Meetings to discuss post-war spheres of influence by world leaders.

Truman Doctrine

US policy to support free peoples resisting subjugation.

Iron Curtain

Concept representing the division between Eastern and Western Europe during the Cold War.

Containment policy

US foreign policy aimed at preventing the spread of communism.

Marshall Plan

US initiative to aid Western Europe post-WWII, implemented in 1947.

NATO

North Atlantic Treaty Organization; a military alliance formed in 1949.

Berlin Airlift

US response to the Soviet blockade of Berlin, providing supplies via air.

Korean War

Conflict initiated by North Korea's invasion of South Korea in 1950.

NSC-68

A call for increased defense spending and military expansion in response to the Cold War.

GI Bill

Legislation that provided benefits to WWII veterans for education and housing.

Taft-Hartley Act

1947 legislation aimed at limiting the power of labor unions.

Executive Order 9981

Issued by Truman to promote equality in the armed forces.

Civil Rights for African Americans

Efforts to address racial discrimination and promote equality post-WWII.

The Frustrations of Liberalism

Public sentiment favoring less government intervention despite Truman's initiatives.

Hollywood and atomic fears

Public concerns influenced by the portrayal of nuclear threats in films.

The Anti-Communist Crusade

A movement spawned by fears of internal communist threats after WWII.

The Hollywood Ten

Screenwriters and directors accused of communist ties, facing discrimination.

Alger Hiss trial

High-profile espionage case during the Red Scare involving accusations of spying.

McCarthyism

A period of intense suspicion and accusations of communism in the USA.

Army-McCarthy hearings

Hearings demonstrating fear and distrust related to communist influence.

Bretton Woods economic system

International economic framework established post-WWII, favoring open economies.

Civil War in China

Conflict between communists and nationalists resulting in a communist victory.

Rio Pact

A mutual defense treaty signed by American states in 1948.

Stalemate

A situation in the Korean War where neither side achieved a clear victory.

Deficit spending

Government spending beyond its revenue, particularly for military expansion.

Labor unions

Organizations formed to advocate for workers' rights and improve wages.

UN Declaration on Human Rights

A document affirming the rights and freedoms of all individuals.

Jackie Robinson

Notable African American baseball player and civil rights figure.

Henry Wallace

Progressive politician indicating divided sentiments within the Democratic Party.

Internal Security Act of 1950

Legislation aimed at preventing espionage and sedition in the U.S.

Fear of fascism

Concerns raised in the Atomic Age about the potential rise of totalitarian regimes.

Federal employee loyalty programs

Initiatives enacted to ensure loyalty to the U.S. government against communism.

CORE initiatives

Efforts by the Congress of Racial Equality to promote civil rights.

Discrimination in hiring and pay

The unequal treatment faced by women and minorities in the workforce post-WWII.