Foundations Exam 1

What was the moral treatment era, and when it happened

movement saying everyone is important, 1700-1800s

How did the moral treatment era influence OT

used activities and routines

who were the 2 leaders of the moral treatment era

Pinel and Tuke

who was the first person to use moral treatment

Benjamin Rush

what was the arts and crafts movement

era promoting art and meaningful activities

what did early OT believe about people with disabilities

everyone can be productive

what was NSPOT

early OT organization

who is the mother of OT, and what she’s known for

Eleanor Slagle, habit training

who is the father of OT and what he promoted

William Dunton, purposeful occupation

what 2 things did susan johnson promote

graded occupations and arts and crafts

what 2 things did george barton do

founded consolation house and focused on returning people back to their daily lives

what was herbert hall known for

work cue

what 2 things did Thomas kidner contribute

job training and TB treatment

what did Adolf meyer belive

look at the whole person, not just problems

what was susan tracy known for

teaching occupation based treatment

what is a paradigm

the way a profession thinks and works

what are the 3 OT paradigms

Occupation, mechanistic, new emerging

what did the occupation paradigm focus on

meaningful occupations

what 2 things did the mechanistic paradigm focus on

body parts and skills

why did OT move toward the mechanistic paradigm

medicine and physical rehab became more important

what 3 things does the new emerging paradigm focus on

occupation, client, participation

who developed the model of human occupation (MOHO)

gary keilhofner

what is an occupation

meaningful activity

what 5 things make an occupation meaningful

beliefs, values, experiences, culture, environment

what is occupational identity

how occupations help define who you are

what is occupational justice

everyone should be able to do their occupations

what 2 things can stop someone from doing an occupation

personal and environmental factors

what is a task compared to an activity

basic action within an activity

what does remediate mean

improve someone’s ability

what is a preparatory activity

activity to get someone ready

what is a contrived activity

made up activity used for practice

what is a purposeful activity

meaningful activity to practice a skill

what is an occupation-centered activity

doing the actual occupation in a normal setting

what does occupation as a “means” mean, 1 ex

using an activity to improve something else, swinging bat to build core strength

what does occupation as an “end” mean, 1 ex

activity itself is the goal, getting stronger to swing a bat

what does occupation as both a “means and end” mean, 1 ex

activity itself is the goal, swinging bat to get better at baseball

what does the medical model focus on

therapist fixing client problems

what does client-centered care focus on

client and therapist working together to fix problem

what 3 things does an OT do compared to an OTA

evaluates, plans treatment, provides therapy

what does an OTA do

carries out OT treatment plan

what 3 things effect how much supervision an OTA needs

experience/skills, state law, client needs

what are the 3 ways to describe an OT setting

administration, area of practice, level of care

what does administration mean and the 3 types

who runs the setting, public/private non profit/private for profit

who runs a public area setting

government

what are the 3 areas of practice

biological, psychological, sociological

what do you work on in a biological area

physical problems

what 3 things do you work on in a psychological area

mental health, memory, behavior

what do you work on in a sociological area

helping people function in society

what is acute care

short medical stay for medical stabilization

what is inpatient care

staying in hospital for more intensive care

what is sub-acute care

long term care in nursing facility

what 4 things does mental health OT work on

coping, communication, daily activities, groups

what is an IEP

plan for student’s educational needs

what did the Vocational rehabilitation act provide

money for rehab

what was the soldier’s rehabilitation act for

rehab for injured soldiers

what was the hill-burton act

expanded health care facilities

what did the rehabilitation act of 1973 do

protected the disabled

what does deinstitutionalization mean

moving people out of institutions back into community

what did EHA 1975 focus on

education for disabled children

what did ADA do

protected disabled people’s rights

what 2 things did the affordable care act do

protected people with pre existing conditions and provided healthcare support

what does AOTA do

supports and represents OT’s

what is AOTF

organization to support OT research and education

what are morals

sense of right and wrong

what are ethics

guidelines for how people should act

what is ethical distress

feeling that something is wrong

what is an ethical dilemma

2 or more ethical choices conflicting

what is locus of authority

disagreeing on who makes the decision

what are the 6 steps for solving an ethical problem

get facts - find problem - figure out duties - look at choices - act -evaluate

what are the 6 AOTA Code of ethics

beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, justice, veracity, fidelity

what is beneficence

do good

what is nonmaleficence

do no harm

what is autonomy

respect client’s choices

what is veracity

tell the truth

what is fidelity

keep your commitments

what is the difference between ethics and laws

ethics guide you, laws must be followed

name all the 10 OT values

altruism, equality, equity, freedom, justice, social justice, occupational justice dignity, truthfulness, prudence

what is altruism

helping others

what is equality

same treatment

what is equity

give people what they need

what is freedom

able to make a choice

what is justice

fairness

what is social and occupational justice

fairness in society, in occupations

what is dignity

respect your worth

what is truthfulness

being honest

what is prudence

think before you act

what is a theory

outside umbrella from other areas of practice influencing OT

what is a paradigm

OT’s beliefs and shared vision, influenced by theory

what is a model

organize of OT’s thinking based on beliefs

what is a frame of reference

guidelines for what to do

what is the equation for making a model

theory + paradigm = model