Henry VII

ALL

21st August 1485 5 points

• The day before the Battle of Bosworth

• HVII backdatd hois reign to this date

• Had the legal premise to call those who fought against him traitors

• Would be able to exert punishments easily and legally

• Maintain control over domestic dangerous nobles

22nd August 1485 4 points

• Battle of Bosworth

• HVII won the right to the throne through conquest

• Battled Richard III - Yorkist

• Aided by the Stanley Brothers - 6000 men army. - initially Neutral

30th October 1485 → 6 points

• HVII crowned Himself King

• Hereditary claim very very weak

• done before summoning parliament and marryin elizabeth of york who had a stronger claim

• demonstrated that he held the throne by his own right

• It showed that his authority was independent of parliament and didn’t rely on parliament’s approval- not a pawn

• rule was not a gift from parliament

7th November 1485 7 points

• HVII finally summoned parliament

• Because parliament answered, it showed that they accepted his rule

• validated his right to summon parliament

• passed a law that the crown was rightly vested in HVII and his heirs

• Meant that they legally bound themselves and the country to his dynasty

• it showed that the yorkists didnt have the money or will to oppose him- parliament composed of many nobles

• enabled the treason from fc 1

18th January 1486

• HVII legally married to Elizabeth

• reinstated the fact that he had an individual claim to the throne

• kept the support promised to him by yorkists if he married Elizabeth of york

19th September 1486

• Arthur was born

• Named after the legendary king Arthur

• pure propaganda

• royal heir

• “embodiment of the tudor rose“

What side did HVII’s claim to the throne come from

• Maternal

• weak claim

25th November 1486

• Elizabeth of York finally coronated

• showed HVII’s power over her

Inherent disadvantage of HVII

Status and the authority of monarchy had previously suffered

Inherent disadvantage of HVII

maternal claim to the throne and that itself was very weak

Inherent disadvantage of HVII

He had the claim to the throne through the right of conquest which was considered as weak

Privy council

Core body of advisors to the monarch - dating back to 13th century. formal body of governance advising monarch

Privy council membership

• Small in scale in membership more intimate in scale in comparison to other councils

• core trusted council allowed hvii to centralise control

What did privy council allow hvii to do

• Bypass potentially rebellious high nobility

• improved financial and legal efficiency

• privy council were selected professionals who were specialised in their jobs

• he could recurve the best advice

• avoid rebellions

Key figures of privy council

• Empson and Dudley-ruthless financial enforcers

• Richard fox- master diplomat leading international negotiations

What was the Pricy Chamber

• Hvii’s personal area where he conferred with trusted allies

• Practically lived with them

• separate from privy council

Key figures in the privy chamber

• Groom of the stool - hugh denys - managed kings health and other matters

Parliament

• Called 7 times in hviis reign

• 5 in the fist 10 years

• 2 in the final 14

• passed 138 total acts of attainder

Parliament

• Called 7 times in hviis reign

• 5 in the fist 10 years

• 2 in the final 14

• passed 138 total acts of attainder

What was henry’s character like

• he was shrewd and a miser as was distrustful because of his bringing up in exile

• he was also betrayed by his lord chamberlain 1495 - perkin warbeck

What was henry’s character like

• he was shrewd and a miser as was distrustful because of his bringing up in exile

• he was also betrayed by his lord chamberlain 1495 - perkin warbeck

how did he consolidate his throne

• immediately dated his reign to day before bosworth - could call those who fought against him traitors and now had legal precedent to hold them accountable

• held his coronation before first meeting of parliament so it didn’t seem that parliament gave him his throne and he got it by himself

• portrayed bosworth as god’s will

• publicly rewarded his supporters-11 knighthoods

• made appointments to his council and household