A. Introduction to J. Alkaloidal amine

Proverbs 16:3

b. Presence of nitrogen

The chemical nature of alkaloids that makes them basic

a. Presence of oxygen
b. Presence of nitrogen
c. Presence of sulfur
d. Presence of carbon

d. Bitter

The taste characteristic of alkaloids

a. Sweet
b. Sour
c. Salty
d. Bitter

c. Amino acids

The usual precursor of alkaloids

a. Fatty acids
b. Sugars
c. Amino acids
d. Terpenoids

b. Sparteine, Coniine, Arecoline, Nicotine

The four liquid alkaloids abbreviated as SCAN

a. Strychnine, Cocaine, Atropine, Nicotine
b. Sparteine, Coniine, Arecoline, Nicotine
c. Scopolamine, Cocaine, Atropine, Nicotine
d. Sparteine, Codeine, Arecoline, Nicotine

a. solid

Most alkaloids are

a. solid

b. liquid

amino acid- precursor of alkaloid (toxic to body since we have AA in our body) so the target is not specific

Why is the majority of alkaloids toxic

c. True alkaloid

The type that contains a nitrogen heterocycle AND is derived from amino acids

a. Proto alkaloid
b. Pseudo alkaloid
c. True alkaloid
d. All of the above

b. Pseudo alkaloid

The type that contains a nitrogen heterocycle but is NOT derived from amino acids

a. Proto alkaloid
b. Pseudo alkaloid
c. True alkaloid
d. All of the above

a. Proto alkaloid

The type that has NO nitrogen heterocycle but IS derived from amino acids

a. Proto alkaloid
b. Pseudo alkaloid
c. True alkaloid
d. All of the above

d. Ornithine

The precursor of Pyridine-Piperidine alkaloids

a. Tyrosine
b. Tryptophan
c. Histidine
d. Ornithine

d. Cystisus scoparius

The scientific name of Scotch broom

a. Conium maculatum
b. Lobelia inflata
c. Nicotiana tobacum
d. Cystisus scoparius

a. sparteine &

d. cystisine

Scotch broom constituents used for smoking cessation

a. sparteine
b. lobeline
c. nicotine
d. cystisine

c. Smoking cessation

The pharmacological use of cystisine from Scotch broom (Cystisus scoparius)

a. Insecticide
b. Local anesthetic
c. Smoking cessation
d. Oropharyngeal cancer

c. Conium maculatum

The scientific name of Poison hemlock

a. Areca catechu
b. Cystisus scoparius
c. Conium maculatum
d. Nicotiana tobacum

d. Coniine

The active constituent of Poison hemlock

a. Sparteine
b. Nicotine
c. Lobeline
d. Coniine

c. Type of poison used in death sentence of Socrates

The historical significance of coniine from Poison hemlock

a. First smoking cessation drug
b. Used as local anesthetic
c. Type of poison used in death sentence of Socrates
d. Used for oropharyngeal cancer

d. Areca catechu

The scientific name of Betel nut

a. Conium maculatum
b. Nicotiana tobacum
c. Lobelia inflata
d. Areca catechu

c. Arecoline

The active constituent of Betel nut

a. Nicotine
b. Lobeline
c. Arecoline
d. Coniine

c. Nga-nga

The local name of Betel nut

a. Tanglad
b. Talumpunay
c. Nga-nga
d. Chichirica

d. Arecatannin

The constituent of Betel nut responsible for causing oropharyngeal cancer

a. Arecoline
b. Nicotine
c. Sparteine
d. Arecatannin

d. Nicotiana tobacum

The scientific name of Tobacco

a. Lobelia inflata
b. Areca catechu
c. Cystisus scoparius
d. Nicotiana tobacum

c. Nicotine

The active constituent of Tobacco

a. Lobeline
b. Arecoline
c. Nicotine
d. Sparteine

d. Smoking cessation

The pharmacological use of nicotine

a. Local anesthetic
b. Insecticide
c. Oropharyngeal cancer
d. Smoking cessation

c. Nicoderm

• Nicoderm: patch

• Nicorette: gum

The brand name of the nicotine patch

a. Bantron
b. Nicorette
c. Nicoderm
d. Lobelin

c. Nicorette

• Nicoderm: patch

• Nicorette: gum

The brand name of the nicotine gum

a. Nicoderm
b. Bantron
c. Nicorette
d. Lobelin

d. Lobelia inflata

The scientific name of Indian tobacco

a. Nicotiana tobacum
b. Areca catechu
c. Cystisus scoparius
d. Lobelia inflata

a. Lobeline

The active constituent of Indian tobacco

a. Lobeline
b. Arecoline
c. Sparteine
d. Nicotine

d. Smoking cessation

The pharmacological use of lobeline

a. Local anesthetic
b. Insecticide
c. Oropharyngeal cancer
d. Smoking cessation

d. Bantron

The brand name of lobeline used for smoking cessation

a. Nicoderm
b. Nicorette
c. Lobelin
d. Bantron

d. Ornithine

The precursor of Tropane alkaloids

a. Tryptophan
b. Tyrosine
c. Histidine
d. Ornithine

c. Atropa belladona

The scientific name of Deadly nightshade

a. Hyoscyamus niger
b. Datura stromonium
c. Atropa belladona
d. Mandragora officinalis

b. Solanaceae

The family of Deadly nightshade (Atropa belladona)

a. Piperaceae
b. Solanaceae
c. Lamiaceae
d. Rubiaceae

d. Atropine (hyoscyamine)

• Scopolamine -hyoscine

• Atropine -hyoscyamine

The active constituent of Deadly nightshade

a. Scopolamine
b. Mandragorine
c. Cocaine
d. Atropine (hyoscyamine)

c. Permanent eye damage

The serious adverse effect of atropine from Deadly nightshade

a. Kidney damage
b. Liver damage
c. Permanent eye damage
d. Lung damage

b. Hyoscyamus niger

The scientific name of Henbane

a. Datura stromonium
b. Hyoscyamus niger
c. Mandragora officinalis
d. Erythroxylon coca

b. Alternative source of atropine

The significance of Henbane (Hyoscyamus niger)

a. First transdermal delivery system
b. Alternative source of atropine
c. Source of cocaine
d. Most emetic alkaloid

d. Datura stromonium

The scientific name of Jimsonweed

a. Atropa belladona
b. Hyoscyamus niger
c. Mandragora officinalis
d. Datura stromonium

c. Scopolamine (hyoscine)

• Scopolamine -hyoscine

• Atropine -hyoscyamine

The active constituent of Jimsonweed

a. Atropine
b. Mandragorine
c. Scopolamine (hyoscine)
d. Cocaine

d. First transdermal delivery system applied to the ear

The significance of scopolamine in drug delivery

a. First intravenous delivery system
b. First oral delivery system
c. First sublingual delivery system
d. First transdermal delivery system applied to the ear

c. Motion sickness

The pharmacological use of scopolamine (hyoscine)

a. Smoking cessation
b. Local anesthetic
c. Motion sickness
d. Oropharyngeal cancer

a. Devil's trumpet
b. Thornapple
c. Talumpunay

Datura metel common names

(multiple answers)

a. Devil's trumpet
b. Thornapple
c. Talumpunay
d. Mandrake

d. Datura metel

The scientific name of Devil's trumpet, Talumpunay, or Thornapple

a. Datura stromonium
b. Hyoscyamus niger
c. Mandragora officinalis
d. Datura metel

c. Mandragora officinalis

The scientific name of European mandrake

a. Datura metel
b. Atropa belladona
c. Mandragora officinalis
d. Hyoscyamus niger

d. Mandragorine

The active constituent of European mandrake

a. Scopolamine
b. Atropine
c. Cocaine
d. Mandragorine

c. Emetic alkaloid

The pharmacological classification of mandragorine

a. Local anesthetic
b. Anticholinergic
c. Emetic alkaloid
d. Antispasmodic

b. Erythroxylon coca

The scientific name of Coca leaf

a. Mandragora officinalis
b. Erythroxylon coca
c. Atropa belladona
d. Datura stromonium

d. Cocaine

The active constituent of Coca leaf

a. Mandragorine
b. Scopolamine
c. Atropine
d. Cocaine

c. Local anesthetic

The historical pharmacological use of cocaine

a. Motion sickness
b. Smoking cessation
c. Local anesthetic
d. Emetic

d. Tryptophan

The precursor of Indole alkaloids

a. Ornithine
b. Histidine
c. Tyrosine
d. Tryptophan

c. Catharantus roseus

The scientific name of Periwinkle or Chichirica

a. Claviceps purpurea
b. Strychnos nux vomica
c. Catharantus roseus
d. Physostigma venerosum

b. Vinca alkaloids

The type of alkaloids from Periwinkle (Catharantus roseus)

a. Ergot alkaloids
b. Vinca alkaloids
c. Tropane alkaloids
d. Opium alkaloids

d. Vincristine and vinblastine

The active constituents of Periwinkle (Catharantus roseus)

a. Ergotamine and ergonovine
b. Strychnine and glycine
c. Physostigmine and esserine
d. Vincristine and vinblastine

b. Antimitotic for cancer

The pharmacological use of vincristine and vinblastine

a. Antitussive
b. Antimitotic for cancer
c. Analgesic
d. Antimalarial

a. Claviceps purpurea

The scientific name of Ergot

a. Claviceps purpurea
b. Strychnos nux vomica
c. Rauwolfia serpentina
d. Catharantus roseus

c. Ergotamine

• ErgotaMIne- migraine

• ErgoNovine- post partim hemorrhage

• ErgoMetrine- induces uterine contraction

• Lysergic acid diethylamine (LSD) - angel; most potent psychoactive

The ergot alkaloid used for migraine

a. Ergometrine
b. Ergonovine
c. Ergotamine
d. LSD

b. Ergonovine

• ErgotaMIne- migraine

• ErgoNovine- post partim hemorrhage

• ErgoMetrine- induces uterine contraction

• Lysergic acid diethylamine (LSD) - angel; most potent psychoactive

The ergot alkaloid used for post-partum hemorrhage

a. Ergometrine
b. Ergonovine
c. Ergotamine
d. LSD

a. Ergometrine

• ErgotaMIne- migraine

• ErgoNovine- post partim hemorrhage

• ErgoMetrine- induces uterine contraction

• Lysergic acid diethylamine (LSD) - angel; most potent psychoactive

The ergot alkaloid that induces uterine contraction

a. Ergometrine
b. Ergonovine
c. Ergotamine
d. LSD

d. LSD

• ErgotaMIne- migraine

• ErgoNovine- post partim hemorrhage

• ErgoMetrine- induces uterine contraction

• Lysergic acid diethylamine (LSD) - angel; most potent psychoactive

The most potent psychoactive ergot alkaloid

a. Ergometrine
b. Ergonovine
c. Ergotamine
d. LSD

a. Angel

• ErgotaMIne- migraine

• ErgoNovine- post partim hemorrhage

• ErgoMetrine- induces uterine contraction

• Lysergic acid diethylamine (LSD) - angel; most potent psychoactive

The street name of LSD

a. Angel
b. Hashish
c. Bath salts
d. Shabu

c. Hyperthermia, convulsions, and gangrene

The toxicity associated with ergot alkaloids

a. Ringing of ears and convulsions
b. Permanent eye damage
c. Hyperthermia, convulsions, and gangrene
d. Anaphylaxis

a. Strychnos nux vomica

The scientific name of Nux vomica

a. Strychnos nux vomica
b. Physostigma venerosum
c. Catharantus roseus
d. Claviceps purpurea

c. Strychnine

The active constituent of Nux vomica toxic to CNS causing excitatory seizures

a. Glycine
b. Physostigmine
c. Strychnine
d. Reserpine

c. For research purposes only

• because toxic to CNS -> seizure/ convulsion (excitatory)

The purpose of strychnine from Nux vomica

a. Treatment for HTN
b. Treatment for glaucoma
c. For research purposes only
d. Antimitotic for cancer

d. Glycine

The active constituent of Nux vomica that acts on inhibitory neurons

a. Strychnine
b. Physostigmine
c. Reserpine
d. Glycine

a. Pelletier and Caventou

The scientists who discovered strychnine in St. Ignatius bean

a. Pelletier and Caventou
b. Robiquet and Brandes
c. Scheele and Serturner
d. Scheele and Robiquet

d. Mandeline test

The assay used to detect strychnine

a. Thalleoquin test
b. Duquenois test
c. Rabbit head drop test
d. Mandeline test

c. Physostigma venerosum

The scientific name of Calabar bean

a. Strychnos nux vomica
b. Rauwolfia serpentina
c. Physostigma venerosum
d. Catharantus roseus

d. Physostigmine (esserine)

The active constituent of Calabar bean

a. Strychnine
b. Reserpine
c. Vincristine
d. Physostigmine

c. Inhibits cholinesterase

The mechanism of action of physostigmine

a. Inhibits VMAT
b. Inhibits topoisomerase 2
c. Inhibits cholinesterase
d. Inhibits monoamine oxidase

c. Glaucoma

The pharmacological use of physostigmine from Calabar bean

a. HTN
b. Cancer
c. Glaucoma
d. Motion sickness

b. Rauwolfia serpentina

The scientific name of Snakeroot

a. Physostigma venerosum
b. Rauwolfia serpentina
c. Strychnos nux vomica
d. Catharantus roseus

d. Reserpine

The active constituent of Snakeroot

a. Physostigmine
b. Strychnine
c. Vincristine
d. Reserpine

a. Inhibits VMAT

The mechanism of action of reserpine

a. Inhibits VMAT
b. Inhibits topoisomerase 2
c. Inhibits cholinesterase
d. Inhibits monoamine oxidase

d. HTN

The pharmacological use of reserpine from Snakeroot

a. Glaucoma
b. Cancer
c. Motion sickness
d. HTN

d. Tryptophan

The precursor of Quinolone alkaloids

a. Ornithine
b. Histidine
c. Tyrosine
d. Tryptophan

d. Antimalarial

The pharmacological use of quinine

a. Type 1A antiarrhythmic
b. Anticholinergic
c. Antitussive
d. Antimalarial

c. Type 1A antiarrhythmic

The pharmacological use of quinidine

a. Antimalarial
b. Analgesic
c. Type 1A antiarrhythmic
d. Anticholinergic

a. Diastereomers

The stereoisomeric relationship between quinine and quinidine

a. Diastereomers
b. Constitutional isomers
c. Meso compounds
d. Enantiomers

d. Cinchonism

The toxicity associated with quinine and quinidine

a. Hyperthermia and gangrene
b. Permanent eye damage
c. Convulsions and seizures
d. Cinchonism

b. Ringing of the ears (tinnitus)

The specific symptom of cinchonism

a. Permanent eye damage
b. Ringing of the ears (tinnitus)
c. Gangrene
d. Convulsions

a. Thalleoquin test

The assay used to detect Quinolone alkaloids

a. Thalleoquin test
b. Mandeline test
c. Rabbit head drop test
d. Duquenois test

d. Tyrosine

The precursor of Isoquinolone alkaloids

a. Tryptophan
b. Ornithine
c. Histidine
d. Tyrosine

c. Cephaelis ipecaccuanha

The scientific name of Ipecac

a. Sanguinaria canadensis
b. Papaver somniferum
c. Cephaelis ipecaccuanha
d. Physostigma venerosum

c. Cephaelis ipecacuanha

The scientific name of Ipecac

a. Sanguinaria canadensis
b. Papaver somniferum
c. Cephaelis ipecacuanha
d. Physostigma venerosum

d. Cephalin and methylcephalin (emetine)

The active constituents of Ipecac

a. Morphine and codeine
b. Sanguinarine and berberine
c. Vincristine and vinblastine
d. Cephalin and methylcephalin (emetine)

b. Methylcephalin (Emetine)

The most emetic alkaloid from Ipecac

a. Cephalin
b. Methylcephalin
c. Sanguinarine
d. Morphine

b. Sanguinaria canadensis

The scientific name of Bloodroot

a. Cephaelis ipecaccuanha
b. Sanguinaria canadensis
c. Papaver somniferum
d. Strychnos nux vomica

c. Sanguinarine

The active constituent of Bloodroot

a. Emetine
b. Morphine
c. Sanguinarine
d. Strychnine

d. Emetic

The pharmacological classification of sanguinarine from Bloodroot

a. Analgesic
b. Antitussive
c. Muscle relaxant
d. Emetic

c. Papaver somniferum

The scientific name of Opium poppy

a. Sanguinaria canadensis
b. Cephaelis ipecaccuanha
c. Papaver somniferum
d. Physostigma venerosum

d. Opium stone of immortality

The description of Opium poppy

a. Bloodroot
b. Ipecac
c. Calabar bean
d. Opium stone of immortality

d. Analgesic

The pharmacological use of morphine from Opium poppy

a. Antitussive
b. Muscle relaxant
c. Emetic
d. Analgesic

c. Antitussive

The pharmacological use of codeine from Opium poppy

a. Analgesic
b. Muscle relaxant
c. Antitussive
d. Emetic

c. Muscle relaxant

The pharmacological use of papaverine from Opium poppy

a. Analgesic
b. Antitussive
c. Muscle relaxant
d. Emetic

c. Inactive but precursor of naloxone

The status of thebaine from Opium poppy

a. Most potent analgesic
b. Most potent antitussive
c. Inactive but precursor of naloxone
d. Most emetic opiate

1. Morphine

2. Codeine

3. Papaverine

4. Thebaine

Enumerate opiates (natural derivative)

1. apomorphine

2. heroin

Enumerate opioids (synthetic)

c. Dehydration with HCl

The method of preparing apomorphine

a. Extraction with alcohol
b. Distillation with NaOH
c. Dehydration with HCl
d. Puncture from plant

d. Treatment for Parkinsonism

The pharmacological use of apomorphine

a. Motion sickness
b. Antitussive
c. Analgesic
d. Treatment for Parkinsonism

b. Addictive, habit forming, and psychoactive

The properties of heroin as a synthetic opioid

a. Antitussive and analgesic
b. Addictive, habit forming, and psychoactive
c. Treatment for Parkinsonism
d. Skeletal muscle relaxant