quiz

Ileum

Part of the small intestine that connects to the large intestine

Liver and gallbladder

Organs where bile is produced and stored, respectively

Hirschsprung disease

Condition characterized by missing cells in the muscles of the colon, leading to impaired peristalsis

Parasympathetic nervous system

Also known as the rest and digest system, responsible for speeding up digestion (peristalsis)

Villi

Structures in the small intestine that increase surface area for nutrient absorption

Gallbladder

Organ located in the right upper quadrant (RUQ) of the abdomen

Diverticulitis

Inflammation of pouches in the colon causing lower left quadrant (LLQ) pain, tenderness, and diarrhea

Barrett's esophagus

Long-term consequence of GERD in individuals with a history of the condition

Pepsin

Digestive enzyme produced by chief cells that requires an acidic environment to function properly

Glycogenolysis and glycogenesis

Liver processes during fasting and fed states, respectively

Pancreatic amylase

Digestive enzyme acting in the small intestine to break down carbohydrates

Amylase

Enzyme not involved in digesting proteins

Celiac disease

Condition damaging the villi in the gastrointestinal tract

HDL

High-density lipoprotein, known as good cholesterol, removes LDL from circulation and is protective against heart disease

Insulin

Hormone involved in regulating blood sugar levels, causing symptoms like insatiable appetite, thirst, and blurry vision when imbalanced

Fecal transplant

Treatment for severe watery diarrhea and abdominal pain post-antibiotics

Giardia

Parasite causing watery diarrhea and greasy stools, associated with lactose intolerance and brush border enzyme damage

RLQ

Abbreviation for right lower quadrant, location of acute appendicitis

Antibiotics

Treatment for abdominal abscess other than draining pus

AAA

Abdominal aortic aneurysm, characterized by a pulsatile mass in the abdomen and aortic dilation

Gangrene

Main concern in a strangulated hernia, leading to tissue death

Emergency surgery

Required for a perforated stomach to prevent acidic contents from spilling into the abdomen or chest cavity

Muscle aches

Not a symptom of the pregnancy disease

Low HDL

Associated with coronary artery disease, indicated by a red number on a CT scan referring to low HDL levels