AP Exam

Fundamental Attribution Error

Tendency to overemphasize personality and underestimate situational factors in explaining others' behavior.

Self-Serving Bias

Attributing success to internal factors and failure to external ones.

What is Asch's Conformity Experiment?

An experiment showing that people conform to group pressure even when the group is clearly wrong.

What did Milgram’s Obedience Experiment demonstrate?

People will obey authority figures, even when it involves harming others.

Openness (Big Five Personality Traits)

Creativity and willingness to try new things.

Conscientiousness (Big Five Personality Traits)

Organization and dependability.

Extraversion (Big Five Personality Traits)

Outgoing and social.

Agreeableness (Big Five Personality Traits)

Kindness and trust.

Neuroticism (Big Five Personality Traits)

Emotional instability and anxiety.

What is Freud's Id?

Primitive urges guided by the pleasure principle.

What is Freud's Ego?

The mediator between id and superego, governed by the reality principle.

What is Freud's Superego?

The moral conscience.

Denial (Defense Mechanism)

Refusing to accept reality.

Repression (Defense Mechanism)

Unconscious forgetting of painful events.

Projection (Defense Mechanism)

Attributing your own feelings to others.

Displacement (Defense Mechanism)

Redirecting feelings to a safer target.

Rationalization (Defense Mechanism)

Justifying behavior with false logic.

Regression (Defense Mechanism)

Reverting to childish behavior under stress.

Stress

Response to a perceived challenge or threat.

General Adaptation Syndrome (Selye)

The three stages: Alarm, Resistance, and Exhaustion.

Health Psychology

Studies how biological, psychological, and social factors affect health and illness.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Therapy that identifies and changes negative thought patterns.

Humanistic Therapy (Rogers)

Focuses on self-actualization and unconditional positive regard.

Psychoanalytic Therapy (Freud)

Explores unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences.