Anatomy Lab Exam II

What is the attachment site called that is more proximal and less mobile

Origin

What is the attachment site called that is distal and somewhat mobile?

Insertion

What wraps around the muscle?

Fascia

What is the term for increasing the angle of a joint?

Extension

What is the term for decreasing the angle of a joint?

Flexion

What attaches muscle to bone?

Tendon

What attaches bone to bone?

Ligament

What is the broad sheet-like tendon called

Aponeurosis

A line of connective tissue indicating the junction of two muscles

Raphe

What is the name in the shark for muscles above the horizontal septum?

Epaxial

What is the name in the shark for muscles below the horizontal septum?

Hypaxial

What is the muscle in the shark that closes the jaw? Caudal to eye, ball like muscle

Adductor mandibulae

What do the pectoral muscles do?

Adduct forelimb

What is retraction?

Moving forelimb back

What is pronate?

Up to down

What is supinate? Like soup

Down to up

What is the line that goes down the middle of the abdomen?

Linea alba

What is the upper arm called?

Brachium

What is the forearm called?

Antebrachium

What do shank and crus refer to?

Lower leg

What is the frontal armpit of the cat?

Axilla

What is the knee pit called?

Inguinal

What is the knee called in the cat?

Stifle

What is the ankle in the cat?

Hock

What is 1 and what is its function

Latissimus dorsi, retracts forelimb

What is 2?

Spinotrapezius

What is 3?

Acromiotrapezius

What is 4?

Clavotrapezius

What is 5?

Levator Scapulae

What is 6

Spinodeltoid

What is 7?

Acromiodeltoid

What is 8

Clavobrachialis

What is 9? What does it do?

Triceps brachii lateral head, extends elbow joint

What is 10? What does it do?

Triceps brachii long head, extend elbow joint

What is 1? This is a part of the thoracic muscles

pectoantebrachialis

What is 2?

Pectoralis Major

What is 3?

Pectoralis Minor

What is 4?

Xiphihumeralis

What is 5?

Linea Alba

Purpose of pectoral muscles

Adduct forelimb

What are the four pectoral muscles?

Pectoantebrachialis, pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, xiphihumaralis

What is 6? Articulates with olecranon

Epitrochlearis

What is 7? What does it do?

triceps brachii long head, extend elbow joint

What is 8? What part of the body is it?

Teres major, shoulder

What is 9?

Subscapularis

What is 10?

Serratus ventralis

What is 11? What is its job?

Latissimus dorsi, retract forearm

What is 1?

Aponeurosis

What is 2? What does it do?

Rectus abdominis, flexes abdomen

What is 3?

Transverse abdominus

What is 4?

External Oblique

What is 5?

Internal oblique

What is 1? What does it do?

Latissimus dorsi, retracts forelimb

What is 2?

Spinotrapezius

What is 3?

Acromiotrapezius

What is 4?

Clavotrapezius

What is 5?

Levator Scapulae ventralis

What is 6?

Spinodeltoid

What is 7?

Acromiodeltoid

What is 8?

Clavobrachialis

What is 9?

Triceps brachii lateral head

What is 10?

Triceps brachii long head

What is 1? What does it do?

digastric, depresses/opens jaw

What is 4?

Sternohyoid

What is 5? What is the purpose?

Sternomastoid, moves neck

What is 6?

Clavotrapezius

What is 4?

Serratus ventralis

What are the sensory organs of the shark called?

Ampullae of Lorenzini

What is the piss hole called for female sharks?

urinary papillae

What is the piss hole called for sharks?

Urogenital papilla

Is the cloaca internal or external in the shark? Do females or males have it?

External, both

What is the organ behind the eye of the shark and what does it do?

Spiracle, pulls in water for respiration

What are the paired dots dorsal on the shark? What are they essentially?

endolymphatic ducts, inner ear

Which part of placoid scales are dermal origin?

Dentine and Pulp Cavity

What placoid scale is of epidermal origin?

Enamel

What type of scale is this? Origin?

Ctenoid, dermal

What. type of scale is this? Origin?

Cycloid, dermal

What is 1?

Calamus

What is 2?

Rachis

What is 3?

Vane

What type of scale is this? Origin?

Placoid, dermal and epidermal

What is the name for whiskers on a cat?

Vibresae

What is the outer ear called for a cat?

Pinna

What is the nictitating membrane in a cat? What is it also called?

Third eye, palpebra

What is a prepuce in a cat?

Hair that covers peen

What is the piss hole called for girl cats?

Urogenital orifice

What is the upper arm called?

Brachium

What is the forearm called?

Antebrachium

What is the lower leg called between ankle and knee?

Crus

What origin are feather and hair?

Epidermal

What are two adaptions for aquatic animals?

Streamlined body, no neck

What increases stride length and what type of locomotion is it for?

More flextion/extension of spine, no clavicle; cursorial

What increases stride rate for cursorials?

Less distal bones, large muscles proximally

What is the locomotion for tree living and two adaptions?

Brachiation, long arms and big clavicle

What is the locomotion of hopping and one adaption?

Saltatorial, long hind limbs

What is the locomotion for digging and what are two adaptations?

Fossorial, big manus and olecranon

What is the locomotion for flying and two adaptions?

Aerial, light and compact bodies

What are skull fenestrae?

Large openings for muscle attachment