Anaemias

what are the three cuases of anaemia

increased loss or destruction

decreased production

increased sequestration

give three clinical signs

lethargic/collapsed

pale mucous membranes

tachycardia

bounding or weak peripheral pulse

hypotension

altered respiration

where is internal haemorrhage

cavities (4)

thoracic

pericardial

peritoneal

joints

what is the modereate anaemia level

20%

what is the word for vomiting blood

haematemesis

how do you recover from acute external haemorrhage

tissue hypoxia stimulates production of erythropoietin

chronic blood loss MCV

microcytic

cats and llamas bacteria

mycoplasma haemolamae

how fast is intravascular anaemia

severe and rapidly falling over hours and days

what number are the band proteins

three

what is a keratocyte

helmet cell in vitro feline sample - white blob

how many cuases are there of IMHA

6

what are the exotic infectious agents

babesia canis

theileria

trypanosoma

what are the ratios used in SAT

1:2, 4, 10, 24

what are the blood smear signs of IMHA

spherocytes in dogs

erythrocyte ghosts

3 causes of drug-induced IMHA

drug absorption

autoantibody induction

drug-dependent antibody induction

horse blood

Qa and Aa

cattle mycoplasma

weyonii

PKD

pyruvate kinase deficiency

defect in ATP generation so repeated anaemia

three cuases of reduced erythropoiesis

less EPO

no response to EPO

primary BM disorder due to replacement or damage with neoplastic cells

myelofibrosis

secondary to PKD - fibrosis of cavities normally producing RBCs

copper

functional Fe deficiency soo microcytic and hypochromic

2 inherited diseases

dyserythropoiesis of English Springer Spaniels

congenital dyserythropoiesis of polled Hereford cavles

2 causes of sequestration

anaesthetics or sedatives

inappropriate secondary polycythemia

renal tumour - false hypoxia to normal tissue so increased EPO production or other non-renal neoplasms