A&P 2.3 Chemical Reactions

kinetic energy

form of energy powering any type of matter in motion

potential energy

energy matter possesses because of positioning or structure of components

Chemical energy

form of potential energy in which energy is stored in chemical bonds

exergonic

reactions that release more energy than they absorb

endergonic

reactions that absorb more energy than they release

mechanical energy

stored in machines, engines, human body, directly powers the movement of matter

radiant energy

energy emitted and transmitted as waves rather than matter

electrical energy

supplied by electrolytes, contributes to voltage changes that help transmit impulses in nerve/muscle cells

reactant

one or more substances that enter into the reaction

product

one or more substances that enter into the reaction

synthesis reaction

chemical reaction that results in the synthesis of components that were formally separated A+B → AB

decomposition reaction

chemical reaction that breaks down something into smaller parts AB → A + B

exchange reaction

chemical reaction in which both synthesis and decomposition occur AB + CD → AC+ BD

concentration

number of particle in a space

catalyst

substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any change

enzyme

catalyst composed of protein or RNA

Activation energy

threshold level of energy needed to break the bonds in the reactants