Social Studies Test

Africa has a variety of ___________ from tropical forests to deserts

climate zones

Many ________ connect
the interior & help the movement of
goods & people

rivers

Filled with _________ salt, gold, iron, copper, rubber, and more.

natural resources

The African cultures we know and study today are the result of the spreading of _______________ through migration

people & culture

One group known for their success in
expansion & migration is the _______ They began on the east coast of Africa and
spread their language, culture, and people for over 3,000 years.

Bantu

A powerful ______ _______ Empire from 100-600

East African (AXUM)

They built complex infrastructure and traded with other ________ civilizations like Rome.

Eurasian (AXUM)

It was the first African civilization to convert to _________ Said to be the former home of the Biblical figure the Queen of Sheba and the current home of the

Christianity, Ark of the Covenant (AXUM)

They controlled _____ among Africa, India, & the Mediterranean

Trade (AXUM)

Adopted from the Arabs, they sailed on ______ to expand trade in the Red Sea & Indian Ocean.

dhows (AXUM)

They traded ivory, tortoise shells, gold, emeralds, & _________.

frankinsence (AXUM)

Axum’s legacy is rooted in the infrastructure and religion (Christianity) practiced in modern-day _______ Ethiopia is covered in Axumite ruins, and Ethiopian Christians still believe they are in possession of the Ark of the Covenant.

ethiopia (AXUM)

Thrived in ________ Africa from 700 to 1450.

Southern (Zimbabwe)

Medieval _________ of incredible wealth and prestige

Stone Kingdom (ZIMBABWE)

Zimbabwe is the site of the largest known settlement ruins in ______________ Africa. Second only to the pyramids on the whole continent.

Sub-Saharan (ZIMBABWE)

At its height, the kingdom of Zimbabwe had over __,000 people.

18,000 (ZIMBABWE)

Society consisted mostly of trading & farming, and the king would receive half of all ______.

spoils (ZIMBABWE)

The city layout also tells us there was a ________________.

social heiarchy (ZIMBABWE)

The name Zimbabwe comes from the Shona word _______ which means _______

madzimbabwe, big house of stone (ZIMBABWE)

Zimbabwe’s legacy goes beyond its incredible stone ruins and extends across the _____. It was rich with ____ and ____ and traded these goods across the Indian Ocean.

globe, ivory, gold (ZIMBABWE)

Great Zimbabwe’s existence is proof that Early African civilizations were advanced without the influence of _________

Europian (ZIMBABWE)

Thrived from the ___s to 1100s.

800 (GHANA)

At its start, ____ was already being introduced to the region by Muslim Merchants.

Islam (GHANA)

Like the West African empires after them, they established their wealth through controlling, and taxing, the _________ trade.

gold and salt (GHANA)

Ghana’s king’s never accepted Islam, and eventually the empire fell. However, their control of the ______&______ trade set the foundations for every other Western African Empire after them, including ______.

gold and salt, Mali (GHANA)

Mali’s city of_______ becomes a center for trade & learning

Timbuktu (TIMBUKTU)

A major ______ university built and established as a scholarly center for Africa.

Islamic (TIMBUKTU)

Visited by one of history’s most successful travelers, _________

Ibn Battuta (TIMBUKTU)

Islamic scholar Ibn Battuta set off on the ______ in 1325.

Hajj (IBN BATTUTA)

He vowed never to take the same road twice and traveled over __,000 miles to 3 continents.

75,000 (IBN BATTUTA)

24 years later he returns to _______ where he records his travel story. It is one of the best historical accounts we have from this era.

Morocco (IBN BATTUTA)

(HTR) ____: The ______ sailing kingdom to the northeast.

Axum, Christian

(HTR) ________: The ______ kingdom to the south.

Stone

(HTR) _____:The ____&____ kingdom to the west.

Ghana, gold & salt

(HTR) ____: The _____ kingdom of education and wealth ruled by _________.

Mali, Islamic, Mansa Musa

(HDAHS) The histories, cultural practices, and stories of early African civilizations were preserved and passed down by african storytellers known as _____.

griots

(TLOEAE) African civilizations were _________ and advanced for their time. They had established trade, religion, and government.

sophisticated

(TLOEAE) Africa was and is rich with a variety of ______ landscapes, and histories.

cultures

(TLOEAE) Although ________ did exist in Africa, it was the arrival of the Europeans that increased the slave trade dramatically.

slavery

Flourished from 1200-1500.

Mali

Took control of the _________ trade established by Ghana and became a center for wealth, education, and Afro-Islamic culture.

gold & salt (MALI)

Active in the African slave trade.

MALI

Eventually ruled by _________ (possibly the richest man in history).

Mansa Musa

He made a massive pilgrimage to ______ (Hajj) and gave away ______along his entire route.

meccca, gold, mali

Brought back scholars & artists and changed how foreigners viewed Africa.

mali