Unit 4 AP Comp Sci Vocab Study Guide (80 Questions)

JavaScript

_______ is a programming language used to create interactive programs and web experiences

Data

Information that a program stores or processes is broadly called _______

Data type

The category of a value—such as a number—string—or Boolean—is its _______

Variable

A named storage location for a value is a(n) _______

Declare a variable

When you create a variable so it can be used in a program—you _______

Initialize a variable

When you give a variable its very first value—you _______

Assignment

Storing a value in a variable is called _______

Assignment Operator (=)

The _______ is used to store a value inside a variable

Constant

A named value that cannot be reassigned after declaration is a(n) _______

Integer

A whole number without a fractional part is a(n) _______

Number

A numeric value used for calculations is a(n) _______

String

A sequence of characters inside quotation marks is a(n) _______

Boolean

A data value that can only be either true or false is a(n) _______

Expression

Any piece of code that produces/evaluates to a value is a(n) _______

Statement

An instruction that performs an action in code is a(n) _______

Operator

A symbol or keyword that performs an operation is a(n) _______

Arithmetic Operator

An operator used specifically for mathematical calculations is a(n) _______

Addition (+)

The _______ operator adds numbers or joins strings

Subtraction (-)

The _______ operator subtracts one number from another

Multiplication (*)

The _______ operator multiplies two numbers

Division (/)

The _______ operator divides one number by another

Modulus (%)

The _______ operator returns the remainder after integer division

Order of Operations

The rules determining the order in which calculations occur are called the _______

Concatenation

Joining two or more strings together into one is called _______

User input

Information supplied by a user while a program runs is called ***

Output

Information that a program displays or produces is called ***

Console

The _______ is an area used to display program output or diagnostic messages

println()

*** is a CodeHS-supported command used to display output on a new line

readLine()

*** is a CodeHS-supported function used to read a line of text input

Type conversion

Changing a value from one data type to another is called _______

Number()

The command _______ converts a value to a number when possible

Random number

A number selected using a randomization process is a(n) _______

Function

A named block of reusable code is a(n) _______

Function definition

The code that specifies what a function does is the _______

Function call

An instruction that runs a function is a(n) _______

Parameter

A named input listed in a function definition is a(n) _______

Argument

The actual value supplied to a function when it is called is a(n) _______

Return value

The value a function sends back to the code that called it is the _______

Return statement

A(n) _______ ends a function and can send a value back to its caller

Scope

The part of a program where a variable can be accessed is its _______

Local variable

A variable available only within its relevant local scope is a(n) _______

Global variable

A variable declared outside functions that may be accessible throughout the program is a(n) _______

Reusable Code

Code designed to be used multiple times is called _______

Abstraction

Hiding unnecessary details behind a simpler representation or interface is called _______

Modular Programming

Organizing a program into smaller—manageable sections is called _______

Canvas

The display area where a program draws graphics is the _______

Graphics

Visual elements displayed or manipulated by a program are called _______

Object

A programming entity that can contain data and provide behavior is a(n) _______

Graphics Object

An object representing a visual element (such as a circle or rectangle) is a(n) _______

Circle

A graphics object used to create a circle is a(n) _______

Rectangle

A graphics object used to create a rectangle is a(n) _______

Text

A graphics object used to display text on the canvas is a(n) _______

Line

A graphics object used to draw a line is a(n) _______

Constructor

A mechanism used to create an object—often with initial settings—is a(n) _______

Coordinate

A value identifying a position on the canvas is a(n) _______

X-coordinate

The horizontal position of an object is its _______

Y-coordinate

The vertical position of an object is its _______

Origin

The coordinate position (0—0) at the canvas's upper-left corner is the _______

Width

The horizontal size of a graphics object or canvas is its _______

Height

The vertical size of a graphics object or canvas is its _______

Position

The location of an object on the canvas is its _______

Radius

The distance from a circle's center to its edge is its _______

Color

A property that determines an object's displayed color is _______

setPosition()

The method _______ sets the position of a graphics object

setColor()

The method _______ sets the color of a graphics object

add()

The function _______ adds a graphics object to the canvas in CodeHS graphics

getWidth()

The function _______ returns the width of the canvas

getHeight()

The function _______ returns the height of the canvas

Method

A function associated with an object is a(n) _______

Message

A request sent to an object by calling one of its methods is a(n) _______

Event

An occurrence—such as a mouse click—that a program can respond to is a(n) _______

Mouse Event

An event triggered specifically by mouse activity is a(n) _______

Randomization

Using randomly selected values in a program is _______

Animation

Creating the appearance of movement by changing graphics over time is _______