Exercise Physiology Knowledge Check chap 6 & 7

Define energy and the three types

Energy is the capacity to do work.

Kinetic, Potential, and Heat

What is the difference between endergonic and exergonic reactions and provide examples

Endergonic: reactions that store energy
ex: Eating, stores energy in the form of fat, carbs, and proteins

Exergonic: reactions that release energy
ex: when you breakdown ATP to use it for work

What are biological forms of work & what is the primary type use during exercise

Biological work is mechanical, chemical, or transport. Mechanical is used for transport. Mechanical is used for exercise

What are enzymes & coenzymes. How do they work?

Enzymes are proteins used to catalyze reactions and work optimally at specific temperatures and pH. Coenzymes are non-protein organic substances that help turn on enzymes

Why are redox reactions important

Reduction-oxidation reactions are those that can facilitate the creation of a proton gradient that is critical, for exercise, in the electron transport chain (ETC). The ETC is the Major source of ATP production for aerobic exercise

What is ATP? How does it function? How is ATP formed?

ATP is adenosine triphosphate and the major form of potential energy stored in the body for mechanical work. Functions by being broken down, the breakdown of the third phosphate bond releases the most potential energy, followed by the second. Once it reached AMP, we can no longer use the molecule and must be reformed into ATP to continue mechanical work.

Differentiate between metabolism, anabolism, and catabolism

Metabolism is a sum of all the reactions in the body, Anabolism are the reactions that build while catabolism are the reactions that breakdown

Differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism

Aerobic metabolism are those reactions that take place in the presence of cellular oxygen while anaerobic reactions are those that do not require cellular oxygen

Describe glycolysis

Glycolysis is the biochemical process that uses either glucose or glycogen as a starting point and breaks them down. In the process it makes ATP that can be used to perform mechanical work. This reaction can be done both anaerobically and aerobically.

Describe the Krebs Cycle

Krebs cycle is the process that starts with acetyl-CoA and while it only produces 1 ATP per turn; produces ; electron carries (NADH, FADH2) that will enter the etc to make atp.

Describe electron transport chain

major aerobic pathway for ATP production. Electron carries to pump protons creating proton gradient resulting in ATP. NAD makes 3 atp FAD makes 2 atp

Describe Beta Oxidation

process by which fatty acids are boken down and prepared for krebs cycle