Adam and Jefferson Test

Election 1796

The first contested presidential election in the U.S. was held between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson.

XYZ Affair

An incident in which French officials demanded a bribe from the U.S. diplomats

Alien and Sedition Acts

A series of four laws enacted in 1798 to reduce the political power of recent immigrants to the U.S

Kentucky and Virginia Resolves

These were political statements written by Maddison and Jefferson in response to the Alien and Sedition Acts

Election of 1800

Jefferson had 73 electoral votes while Burr also had 73 electoral votes

Amendment 12

It revises and outlines the procedure of how Presidents and Vice Presidents are elected, specifically so that they are elected together.

The election of 1804

was a key election it resulted in a landslide victory for Thomas Jefferson and his running mate George Clinton

Midnight Judges

Adams packs the Judiciary with federal judges. Jefferson repealed some appointments Marbury sued to get his position.

Marbury v. Madison

An 1803 case in which the Supreme Court ruled that it had the power to abolish legislative acts by declaring them unconstitutional; this power came to be known as the judicial review.

John Marshall

Was a prominent American statesman and jurist who served as the Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1801 to 1835.

Pickering

This person had served as a postmaster general of the U.S. from 1791-1795, as a secretary of war in 1795, and he was the secretary of state from 1795-1800

Judicial Review

is the principle that allows courts to review the constitutionality of legislative acts, executive actions, and government policies.

Barbary Pirates

in 1789-1801 U.S. paid $2 million in tribute and if you pay you will be protected if you didn't pay things will go bad. Jefferson had sent Fleat to stop the pirates

Louisiana Purchase

Spain gave Louisiana territory of France and in 1801 they offered $10 million for a port then in 1803 French lost to Hati

Livingston

He is a key figure in American History. He was a prominent politician, diplomat, and jurist and best known for his role in the Louisiana Purchase.

Napoleon

Was a French military leader and emperor who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and its associated wars.

Aaron Burr

had 73 electoral votes during the election of 1800 and he was a person with decisions that were not always making sense

Essex Junta

is a term used to refer to a group of British Whigs from Essex during the late 17th and early 18th centuries.

Lewis and Clark

These two were the ones who led the exploration and stayed friends throughout their time exploring

York

They were Clark´s slaves

Sacajawea

She was the guide and the translator during the exploration

Continental system

Napoleon was the one who started this system

Orders in Council

In 1807 Britain was the one that had contained the orders

Berlin and Milan Decrees

They were issued by Napoleon Bonaparte during the early 19th century as part of his efforts to enforce the Continental System,

Leopold and Chesapeake

It was an incident that was a key event that contributed to the tensions leading to the War of 1812 between the U.S. and Britain.

Embargo Act

The US will accept no imports from anywhere. 1807 → 1808 $198 Million → $22 Million Imports. Which causes depression, unemployment, and smuggling

Non-Intercourse Act

It was a law passed by the U.S. Congress in 1809 and it was a response to the ongoing tensions and trade restrictions imposed by Britain and France.

Macon’s Bill No. 2

It was designed as a way to address the ongoing conflict between the United States, Britain, and France during the Napoleonic Wars,

War Hawks

One of the members of Congress who favored war with Britain in the early years of the 19th century

  How was the election of 1800 settled?

It was decided in the House of Representatives with 10 state delegates voting for Jefferson and 4 voting for Burr and 2 making no choice. 

Why was Marbury v. Madison so important?  How did Marshall settle it?

Marbury V. Madison was so important because it created the doctrine of judicial review and set up the Supreme Court of the U.S. as the chief interpreter of the Constitution. Marshall settled it by finding out that Marbury had a right to the commission once it was signed by the president and sealed by the secretary of state. 

How were the Barbary pirates dealt with?

The way they were dealt with was through a combination of diplomacy, paying tribute, and eventually military force. The First and Second Barbary Wars helped the U.S. to establish its authority in international waters. It also helped reduce piracy in the Mediterranean, to ensure the safety of American merchants in the region. 

Why did the Essex Junto fail?

The Essex Junto has had many problems and those have caused it to fail. Some reasons are because of the disastrous timing of the Hartford Convention, a lack of popular support for secession, and the emergence of the growth of nationalism. All of these factors have contributed to the collapse of the Federalist Party and the failure of the Essex Junto 

How did Lewis and Clark impact the US?

They had impacted the US by providing valuable scientific and geographic knowledge of the West. 

How did Jefferson respond to Britain and France’s interference in our trade?

Jefferson had chosen an economic option to assert American rights which was the Embargo Act of 1807.

Why were the Alien and Sedition Acts passed? Were they constitutional?

They were passed because it responded to political and international tension with  France. They were constitutional because it was a significant part of U.S. history due to their impact on civil liberties and their constitutionality