3B Photosynthesis & Respiration: Biochemical Processes & Cell Energy Cycle

processes that requires oxygen.

Aerobic

a process that can occur in the absence of oxygen.

Anaerobic

one of the principal chemical compounds used by living things to store energy.

ATP

an organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to

Autotroph

produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer.

Autotroph

a collection of living matter that is enclosed by a barrier that separates it from its surroundings

Cell

thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell

Cell membrane

process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen

Cellular respiration

the principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms; captures light energy.

Chlorophyll

an organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that uses energy from sunlight to make energy-rich food molecules by photosynthesis.

Chloroplast

the material inside the cell membrane, not including the nucleus

Cytoplasm

process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen

Fermentation

is a simple sugar with the molecular formula C6H1206 that is produced by plants and utilized by animals.

Glucose

an organism that obtains energy from the food it consumes; also called a consumer.

Heterotroph

the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment.

Homeostasis

the cell organelle that releases energy from stored food molecules.

Mitochondrion

a specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell.

Organelle

A compound that contains the elements carbon and hydrogen.

Organic

the process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to power chemical reactions that convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates.

Photosynthesis

molecules that give color to living objects and are sometimes used to absorb light.

Pigment

the production of complex molecules by the combination of simple ones

Synthesis