Psychological Perspectives

biological

Focuses on the physical body, brain structures, genetics, and nervous system. It looks at how biology shapes thoughts and actions. 

behavioral

Focuses on observable actions and learned responses. It studies how the environment and reinforcement shape behavior. 

cognitive

Focuses on internal mental processes like memory, thinking, problem-solving, and language. It compares the human mind to a computer that processes data.

Psychodynamic

Focuses on the unconscious mind and early childhood experiences. It was started by Sigmund Freud to explain hidden drives and resolve inner conflicts

Humanistic

Focuses on human potential, personal growth, and free will. It emphasizes a person's drive to self-actualize and reach their full potential

Evolutionary

Focuses on natural selection and adaptation. It explains behavior through traits that helped ancestors survive and reproduce.

Sociocultural / Cross-cultural

Focuses on how culture, social norms, and background influence behavior. It looks at how society dictates our daily actions and expectations