Foundations: Week 6, Exam 2: Hygiene and Nutrition

alopecia

hair loss

cerumen

ear wax

cheilitis

Inflammation and cracking of the lips

dental caries

tooth decay

Edentulous

without teeth

gingivitis

inflammation of the gums

halitosis

bad breath

Glossitis

inflammation of the tongue

Maceration

softening of tissue by soaking

Mucositis

inflammation of the mucous membrane

pediculosis capitis

head lice

Conjunctivitis

inflammation and drainage from the eye

Xerostomia

dry mouth

functions of the skin include

protection, sensation, temperature regulation, and excretion and secretion

factors influencing hygiene include

social practices, personal preferences, body image, cultural variables, etc.

assessment for hygiene

Assess patient expectations, self-care ability and skin

nursing problems related to hygiene

activity intolerance, impaired dressing, grooming, mobility, skin integrity, health maintenance

Planning phase for hygiene

Set priorities based on assistance required, extent of problems, nature of nursing problems, create goals and measures, use teamwork and collaboration

health promotion for hygiene includes

1. Make instructions relevant based on the patient's beliefs.

2. Adapt instruction to a patient's personal bathing facilities and resources.

3. Teach patients ways to avoid injury

4. Reinforce infection control practices.

why do you place a wet cloth in the sink when washing dentures

to create a soft surface on the sink for prevent dentures from breaking if slipped out of hand

the nurse is caring for a patient with dentures and knows which of the following is correct

a remove dentures during the day

b remove dentures at night and put in cup with water water for storage

c remove dentures at night and put in a dry cup for storage

d do not need to remove dentures

B

why do you not wash dentures with very cold or very hot water

cold: cracks and discomfort

hot: shrinks

oral hygiene includes

brushing, flossing, patients with special needs, and denture care

hair and scalp care hygiene include

brushing and combing, shampooing, shaving, mustache and beard care

the nurse is caring for a 250lb bedridden patient that cannot help. what is the best way to safely life this patient

use of at least 3 nurses and a mechanical lift device

t or f: the nurse has a patient with a blood clot and is on warfarin. the nurse knows to use an electric razor to shave the patient

True

care of the eyes, earns and nose include

medical devices, basic eye care, eyeglasses, contact lenses, ear care, hearing aid care, and nasal care

advancing diets in acute care includes

gradual progression of dietary intake or therapeutic diet to manage illness

Clear liquid diet includes

water, coffee, tea, broth, lemonade, sports drinks, popsicles and gelatin

the nurse is caring for a patient on a clear liquid diet, which of the following is not allowed on a clear liquid diet?

a tea

b jello

c custard

d popsicles

C

a full liquid diet includes

all liquids:

milk, vegetable and fruit juices, yogurt, strained soups, pudding, butter, cream, etc.

full liquid diets may be used

before and after surgery or prescribed for patients with chewing or swallowing problems

soft food diet includes

foods that are easy to chew and swallow, softened by cooking and mashing them

soft food diets may be used

before and after surgery or prescribed for patients with chewing, patients with digestive problems, or swallowing problems

diabetic diet includes

lean protein, unsaturated fats, fiber, fruits and vegetables, and whole grains

Low Sodium Diet includes

foods low in sodium:

cereal, fruits, cabbage, sugar, jelly, low sodium seasonings, lime juice, etc.

the nurse is teaching a patient with HTN about a low-sodium diet. what foods should be avoided?

a broccoli

b bananas

c smoked salami

d eggs

C

Foods to be avoided on a low sodium diet include

foods rich in cholesterol, fat, and sodium:

baking powder (cake, cookies), Chinese food, tomato sauce, bread, nuts, etc.

a low fat diet includes

fruits, vegetables, grains, and lean protein

foods to be avoided on a low fat diet

fatty meat, whole-milk dairy, and fried foods

the nurse is teaching a patient with heart disease about a low fat diet. which should the patient avoid?

a cream cheese/butter

b deli meats/red meats

c whole milk/icecream

d all of the above

D

what is a low residue diet

a low fiber diet

What is the proper position to use for an unresponsive patient during oral care to prevent aspiration? (Select all that apply.) A. Prone position

B. Modified left lateral recumbent position

C. Semi-Fowler's position with head to side

D. Trendelenburg position

E. Supine position

B and C

The student nurse is teaching a family member the importance of foot care for their mother, who has diabetes mellitus. Which safety precautions are important for the family member to know to prevent infection? (Select all that apply.)

A. Cut nails frequently.

B. Assess skin for redness, abrasions, and open areas daily.

C. Soak feet in water at least 10 minutes before nail care.

D. Apply lotion to feet daily.

E. Clean between toes after bathing

B, D, E

. A nurse is assigned to care for the following patients. Which patient is most at risk for developing skin problems that will require thorough bathing and skin care?

A. A 44-year-old female patient who has had removal of a breast lesion and is in pain and unwilling to ambulate postoperatively.

B. A 56-year-old male patient who is homeless and admitted to the emergency department with malnutrition and dehydration.

C. A 60-year-old female patient who experienced a stroke with right sided paralysis and has an orthopedic brace applied to the left leg

D. A 70-year-old patient who has diabetes and dementia and has been incontinent of urine and stool

D

While planning morning care, which of the following patients would have the highest priority to receive a bath first?

A. A patient who just returned to the nursing unit from a diagnostic test

B. A patient with a fever who just finished a dose of intravenous antibiotics.

C. A patient who is experiencing frequent incontinent diarrheal stools and urine

D. A patient who has been awake all night because of pain 8/10

C

Which nursing actions does the nurse take when placing a bedpan under a patient who is immobilized? (Select all that apply.)

A. Lift the patient's hips off the bed and slide the bedpan under the patient.

B. After positioning the patient on the bedpan, elevate the head of the bed to a 45-degree angle.

C. Adjust the head of the bed so that it is lower than the feet and use gentle but firm pressure to push the bedpan under the patient.

D. Have the patient stand beside the bed, and then have the patient sit on the bedpan on the edge of the bed.

E. Make sure the patient has a nurse call system in reach to notify the nurse when ready to have the bedpan removed

B and E

T or F: No two individuals perform hygiene in the same manner.

T

Which term will the nurse use when reporting bad breath to the oncoming shift?

halitosis

A self-sufficient bedridden patient is unable to reach all body parts. Which type of bath will the nurse assign to the nursing assistive personnel?

a. Bag bath

b. Sponge bath

c. Partial bed bath

d. Complete bed bath

C

A nurse is providing perineal care to a female patient. Which washing technique will the nurse use?

washing from the pubic area to the rectum (front to back)

A patient is on a full liquid diet. Which food item choice by the patient will cause the nurse to intervene?

a. smoothies

b. yogurt

c. Pureed vegetables

d. Mashed potatoes

D