Global Demography, Sustainable Development, and Global Citizenship Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering core definitions, demographic trends, sustainable development concepts, and global citizenship frameworks from Module 3.

Demography (Oxford Dictionary of Economics)

The study of the characteristics of human populations.

Demography (UN Multilingual Demographic Dictionary)

The scientific study of human populations, primarily with respect to their size, their structure and their development.

Demography (Donald J. Bogue)

A statistical and mathematical study of the size, composition, spatial distribution of human population, and of changes overtime in these aspects through the operation of the five processes of fertility, mortality, marriage, migration and social mobility.

Size of Population

The total number of persons usually residing in a definite area at a definite time.

Invisible Epidemic of Non-Communicable Diseases

A health crisis identified by the World Health Organization wherein non-communicable diseases account for roughly 60% of global deaths and nearly half of effective life years lost to disability.

Population Pyramid

A graphical representation showing the distribution of various age groups and sex ratios in a population, functioning as a predictor of demographic and socioeconomic futures.

Demographic Dividend

An economic growth phase that occurs when child dependency is falling due to lower birthrates and the working-age population is expanding.

Four Is of Exploiting Demographic Dividend

The four prerequisites identified by George Magnus needed to harness a demographic dividend: better institutions, investment climate, infrastructure, and innovation.

Malthusian Theory of Population

An economic theory proposed by Thomas Robert Malthus stating that food supply grows arithmetically, while population grows exponentially.

Planetary Boundaries Framework

A framework developed by Rockström et al. (2009) that visualizes human activity reaching and surpassing safe environmental thresholds in climate change, biodiversity loss, and land system changes.

Sustainable Development

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, defined in the 1987 Brundtland Report titled 'Our Common Future'.

Global Citizenship

The concept of viewing oneself as a member of the global community rather than being confined to national identities, emphasizing political, economic, social, and cultural interdependency across local, national, and global scales.

Realism

An international relations perspective asserting that nation-states remain the primary global actors operating under international anarchy, requiring self-help actions for security and survival.

Liberalism

A political doctrine maintaining that all citizens are equal and possess basic human rights, requiring minimal state intervention to safeguard individual freedoms.

Cosmopolitanism

An ethical theory defined by Nigel Dower (2003) holding that all human beings belong to one domain and in principle have moral obligations to each other across that domain.