Standards and Measurement

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27 Terms

1
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Why is measurement important?
Measurement helps describe sizes, weights, and temperatures in a way everyone can understand.
2
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What are the two types of measuring devices?
Digital devices and non-digital devices.
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How do you record measurements from digital devices?
Write all digits shown.
4
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How do you record measurements from non-digital devices?
Write the certain digits plus one estimated digit.
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What are significant figures (sig figs)?
Sig figs show how precise a measurement is.
6
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When do you round down?
When the digit after the last significant figure is less than 5.
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When do you round up?
When the digit after the last significant figure is greater than 5.
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What to do if the digit is 5 when rounding?
Round to the nearest even number.
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What is scientific notation?
Used to express very large or small numbers.
10
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How do you count significant figures in non-zero digits?
Non-zero digits are always significant.
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Are zeros between numbers significant?
Yes, zeros between numbers are significant.
12
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Are zeros before numbers significant?
No, zeros before numbers are NOT significant.
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Are zeros after a decimal significant?
Yes, zeros after a decimal are significant.
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What are base quantities?
Quantities that cannot be simplified further, such as length, mass, and time.
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What are derived quantities?
Quantities that are combinations of base quantities, like velocity and volume.
16
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What is the metric system based on?
Powers of 10.
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What is an example of the English system?
Inches, pounds, miles.
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What does 'kilo' represent in metric prefixes?
1,000 (1 km = 1,000 m).
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What does 'centi' represent in metric prefixes?
0.01 (1 cm = 0.01 m).
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What does 'milli' represent in metric prefixes?
0.001 (1 mm = 0.001 m).
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What does density equal?
Density = Mass / Volume.
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What is weight?
The force of gravity on an object, which changes with location.
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What is water's density at 4°C?
1.00 g/mL.
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What temperature scale is used worldwide?
Celsius (°C).
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What is the freezing point in Fahrenheit?
32°F.
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What is the conversion formula from Celsius to Fahrenheit?
F=(9/5×C)+32.
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What is the conversion from Celsius to Kelvin?
K=C+273.