Week 3 -Pre2: Cellular Respiration and Fermentation P1

Does a gram of sugar or a gram of fat have more potential energy to be released through redox reactions?

Fats, as they are less oxidized (i.e., have more C-H bonds and fewer C-O bonds)

What process is this an overview of?

Cellular Respiration

What type of isomers are 3-phosphoglycerate and 2- phosphoglycerate?

structural isomers

Aerobic respiration:

consumes oxygen as a reactant 

Anerobic respiration:

replaces oxygen with another inorganic molecule. 

Oxidation

loss of electrons

Reduction

gain of electrons

LEO GER: loss of elections = ______; gain of elections = ______

Oxidation; reduction

Electron donor = ______________

Electron acceptor = _______________

reducing agent; oxidizing agent

Organic molecules with many C-H bonds are ______ sources of _____

good; energy

What are FADH2 and NADH

electron carriers

NAD+ (_______ Form)

oxidized

NADH (______ Form)

reduced

What is the goal of cellular respiration?

to fully oxidize glucose (take away all its electrons)

Dehydrogenases:

Redox reactions that form NADPH. Enzymes that transfer 2 electrons and a proton from an organic compound to NAD+ , producing NADH 

Top: ______________ Bottom: _____________

becomes oxidized; becomes reduced

What is glycolysis?

breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate

Substrate-level phosphorylation:

direct way your cells make energy by the transferring a phosphate group from a molecule straight to ADP to make ATP.

What is the investment phase of glycolysis?

the investment phase of glycolysis is the initial stage where two ATP molecules are consumed to phosphorylate glucose.

what is the payoff phase in glycolysis

the stage in glycolysis where four ATP molecules are produced through substrate-level phosphorylation, resulting in a net gain of two ATP. (because two are needed to restart glycolysis) This phase ultimately converts into two molecules of pyruvate while also generating NADH.

This is the process of ? Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 phosphate → 2 ATP + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + 2 H2O + 2 pyruvate 

glycolysis, which breaks down glucose.