Physics (Magnetism and Light Waves)

Opaque

The term applied to materials that absorb light without reemission and thus through which light cannot pass

Virtual Image

An image formed by light rays that do not converge at the location of the image

Shadow

A shade region that appears where light rays are blocked by an object

Faradays Law

An electric field is created in any region of space in which a magnetic field is changing with time

Maxwells Counterpart to Faradays Law

A magnetic field is induced in any region of space in which an electric field is changing with time

Diffuse Reflection

Like a sheet of white paper (the light obeys the law of reflection, but there are many internal reflections that scramble and randomize the reflected light)

The Subtractive Primary Color of Absorbing Pigments

Magenta, cyan, yellow

Complementary Colors

Any two colors that, when added, produce white light

Lunar Eclipse

An event where the moon passes into the shadow of earth

Magnetic Force

Between two magnets, it is the attraction of unlike magnetic poles for each other in the repulsion between the magnetic poles

Critical Angle

The minimum angle of incidents inside a medium at which a light ray is totally reflected

Generator

An electromagnetic induction device that produces electric current by rotating a coil within a stationary magnetic field. it converts mechanical energy to electrical energy

Penumbra

A partial shadow that appears where some, but not all of the light is blocked

Refraction

The bending of an oblique ray of light when it passes from one transparent medium to another

Specular Reflection

Like a mirror (the light obeys the law of reflection, and there is only one reflected ray for each incident ray)

Transparent

The term applied to materials through which light can pass and straight lines

Solar Eclipse

An event where in the moon blocks light from the sun and the moons shadow falls on part of earth

Magnetic Field

The region of magnetic influence around a magnetic pole or a moving charged particle

Magnetic Domains

Clustered regions of aligned magnetic atoms. When these regions themselves are aligned with one another, the substance containing them is a magnet.

Fermats Principle of Least Time

Light takes the path that requires the least tie when it goes from one place to another

Total Internal Reflection

The total reflection of light traveling within a denser medium, when it strikes the boundary with a less dense medium at an angle greater than the critical angle

Magnetic Force

Between a magnetic field and a moving charge particle, it is the deflecting force due to the motion of the particle

Aberration

Distortion in an image produced by a lens, which to some degree is present in all optical symptoms

Electromagnetic Waves

An energy-carrying phenomenon emitted by vibrating charge (often electrons) that is composed of oscillating electric and magnetic fields that regenerate on another

Transformer

A device for transferring electric power from one coil wire to another, by means of electromagnetic induction for the purpose of changing one value of voltage to another

Reflection

The return of light rays from a surface

Diverging Lens

A lens that is thinner in the middle then at the edges, causing parallel raise to diverge as if from a point

Electromagnet

A magnet whose field is produced by an electric current. It is usually in the form of a wire coil with a piece of iron inside the coil.

Converging Lens

A lens that is thicker in the middle than at the edges, and that refracts parallel rays to a focus

Law of Reflection

The angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence

Electromagnetic Spectrum

The range of electromagnetic waves extending in frequency from radio waves to gamma rays

Electromagnetic Induction

The induction of voltage when a magnet field changes with time

Color

The visual perceptual property (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet) associated with the frequency of visible light

The Additive Primary Colors

Red, green, blue

Real Image

An image formed by light rays that converge at the location of the image. Unlike a virtual image, this can be displayed on a screen

Power Transmission

The process by which electrical energy is transmitted from the power source to the location where it is used

Black

A pigment that reflects none of the incident light

Umbra

The darker part of a shadow where all the light is blocked