public health exam 1 (pt 2)

advocacy

nursing professional duty that involves sharing information and working to advance a particular objective

affordable care act

comprehensive healthcare reform law designed to improve aces to affordable quality healthcare

bureaucrats

individuals employed by the government

coalition

group of people working together to advance shared goal such as addressing community health issue

cost beenfit analysis

approach to comparing costs and benefits of an intervention; costs account for resources needed to implement an intervention; benefits include costs or costs saved

economics

study of how individuals, groups, organizations and society allocate and utilize finances

gross domestic product

measures monetary value of final goods and services that are produced in a country; indicator of how economy is performing

HiAP

approach to cross sector public policies that take into account health implications of policy decisions, to avoid harmful health impacts in order to improve health

health policy

specific type of policy designed to improve problems related to health often focusing on cost, quality, and access of health care services

incrementalism

small iterative changes to existing policy

influence

ability of an individual to sway or affect another person or group based on authority, status, etc.

lobbyists

professionals whole work to influence policy makers

policy

guidline, law, or regulation designed to solve a problem and achieve given outcome; reflect goals or beliefs

politics

art or science concerned with guiding or influencing governmental policy

SDOH

social and societal conditions that create context in which people live and work and health implications of those conditions

stakeholders

individual(s), organizations, or group that has an interest in a specific community health issue or outcome of community health intervention

behavior change models

assist clients, groups, and communities to redirect activities toward health and wellness

ecologic model

considers intrapersonal attributes, dynamics, person/environment interactions, cultural beliefs, and attitudes

health belief model

behavior change model that considers severity of potential illness or physical challenge

health literacy

degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain process and understand basically health information and services needed to make appropriate decisions

health literacy universal precautions

practices that healthcare providers use to make all health information easier to understand

health promotion

process of enabling people to increase control over all modifiable determinants of health to improve their health and well being

learning model

behavior change model emphasizing reinforcement of social competence, problem solving, autonomy, sense of purpose

motivational interviewing

client centered communication style for eliciting behavior change by helping clients and groups explore and resolve ambivalence to change

organizational health literacy

degree to which organizations equitably enable individuals to find, understand, and use information and services to inform health related decisions and actions

personal health literacy

degree to which individuals have the ability to fid, understand, and use information and services to inform health related decisions and actions for themselves

primary prevention

maximizing health and wellness through strategies that are in place before illness or injury is present

relapse prevention model

change model that is used primarily with issues that relate to adherence

risk reduction

decreasing chance of developing a illness, experiencing injury or being faced with chronic consequences of bothse

secondary prevention

using strategies set in place at the early and active chronic stages of illness and injury to minimize the impact of a disease of injury

social learning

behavior change model that considers environmental influences, personal factors, and behavior as key components to change

social support

component of change in which community members, friends, neighbors influence change by offering assistance and support

tertiary prevention

strategies that are set in place at end stage of disease and injury trajectories

theory of reasoned action

emphasizes individual performance of given behavior is primarily determined by person’s intention to perform that behavior

transtheoretical model

approach to behavior change on the basis of process across stages and timely readiness of the learner

well being

subjective perception of full functional ability as a human being