allied health - tissues

simple cuboidal

Function: Secretion and absorption

Found in kidneys tubules, ducts and covering the ovaries

skin is a type of

epithelial tissue

four types of tissue

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

tissue

a group or mass of similar cells working together to perform common functions

epithelial tissue

- Covers all body surfaces both inside and out.

- Main glandular (glands) tissue.

- Attached to underlying connective tissue at the basement membrane

- Usually has no vascular tissue (no blood supply)

- Cells reproduce rapidly, results in rapid healing (and scarring)

- Cells tightly packed together

what is the largest organ in the human body?

skin

function of epithelial tissue

protection, secretion, absorption, excretion, senses

How are epithelial tissues classified?

shape and number of layers

simple

single layer

stratified

multiple layers

squamos

flat

cuboidal

square

columnar

taller than wide

basement membrane

Cells at the base of an epithelial layer are attached to this

simple squamous

Form: Single layer, Flat and thin

Function: diffusion and filtration. Air sacs in lungs, capillaries

- in the lining of lungs

simple columnar

Function: Secretion and absorption

Found in digestive tract and uterus

*Contains scattered goblet cells to secrete mucus

*Can have microvilli to increase surface area

stratified squamous

- Multi layer squamous

- functions in protection

- Found lining body cavities; skin and mouth

pseudostratified columnar

- Appear stratified, but just a single layer of cells, nuclei at different levels

- Can have cilia (hair-like projections) and goblet cells

- Function: Secretion and cilia-aided movement

- Location: lining air passages and tubes of the reproductive system

transitional epithelium

- Stretchable

- Blocks diffusion (no leaking)

- Found in the urinary bladder

goblet cells

secrete mucus

connective tissue (function)

-Binds structures together

-Provides support, protection, framework, fills space, stores fat, produces blood cells, fights infection

connective tissue is composed of

-Composed of more scattered cells within matrix

-Made up of a ground substance and fibers (most have a good blood supply)

most abundant tissue in the body

connective tissue

collagen fibers

found in bones, ligaments and tendons

elastic fibers

found in ears, vocal cords

Loose Connective Tissue or Areolar Tissue

- Binds underlying organs to skin and to each other

- Forms delicate thin membranes throughout the body

Adipose Tissue (fat)

- Protective cushion

- insulation to preserve body heat

- Stores energy

Fibrous Connective Tissue

- Tendons = muscles to bones

- Ligaments = bones to bones

- in dermis of skin

- has collagens that are closely packed

- functions in support

cartilage

- type of dense connective tissue

- Cartilage cells are called chondrocytes

hyaline cartilage

- Location: covers ends of joints, nose and respiratory passages, serves as padding

elastic cartilage

Location: external ear, larynx

Function: flexible support

Fibrocartilage

Tough, shock absorbing

Location: Between vertebrae

muscle tissue

smooth, skeletal, cardiac

cardiac muscle tissue

only in heart, involuntary

skeletal muscle tissue

striated, voluntary, attached to bones

skeletal muscle tissue function

- voluntary movement, posture

smooth muscle tissue function

- involuntary movement (ie. peristalsis)

cardiac muscle tissue function

as it contracts, it propels blood into the circulation; involuntary control

smooth muscle tissue

involuntary, in intestines

nerve tissue

Neurons - transmit signals (via Axons & Dendrites)

Neuroglia - support cells

- in spinal cord

nervous tissue is found in

brain, spinal cord, nerves

dendrite

a short branched extension of a nerve cell, along which impulses received from other cells at synapses are transmitted to the cell body.

axon

A threadlike extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body.

melanocytes

cells that produce melanin

Keratinocytes

The most abundant epidermal cells, they function mainly to produce keratin.