Chemical Texture Services Chapter 15

All of the following are reasons to study chemical texture services EXCEPT:

Salons require cosmetologists who perform haircolor services to also perform texture services as a condition of employment.

How do chemical hair relaxers work?

They increase the hair’s pH balance to an alkaline state, which raises the cuticle layer and allows the relaxer to reach the cortex, where restructuring takes place.

A higher frequency of curl reversion occurs in relaxers that use which of the following active ingredients?

ammonium sulfite

Which statement describes no-lye relaxers?

Because no-lye relaxers have a lower pH, they are suitable for clients who have scalp sensitivities.

Hydroxide relaxers permanently straighten hair by removing one of the bonded sulfur atoms in a disulfide bond. What is the name of this process?

lanthionization

How does thio neutralization differ from hydroxide neutralization?

The neutralization of thio relaxers involves oxidation.

A client wants to straighten coarse hair. The client mentions that their hair often seems frizzy and is concerned that if their hair loses all its curl it might look even frizzier. The client also seems hesitant to make a permanent change. Which service should the cosmetologist recommend?

keratin treatment

When using relaxer products, why should the cosmetologist avoid using metal clips?

They could cause a chemical reaction when used with a relaxer.

Which item prevents direct contact between the client and the chemical cape?

neck strips

Under which of the following conditions can a texture service be performed?

A strand analysis indicates the hair has low porosity and high elasticity.

Which of the following practices helps ensure a safe outcome when performing chemical texture services?

Rinse the relaxer and neutralizer from the hair using warm water.

A client who is considering a chemical relaxer service frequently consumes highly caffeinated beverages. Why does this matter?

Caffeine increases blood circulation, which can lead to faster irritation caused by the use of chemical relaxers.

Which of the following conditions would be cause for a cosmetologist to decline relaxer services?

The client has a pins-and-needles sensation on the scalp, and the hair is thinning.

All of the following occur during the consultation for chemical relaxer EXCEPT:

performing a metallic salts test

Prior to conducting a consultation for chemical relaxer services, which document should clients fill out and cosmetologists review so they can discuss any items of note?

client intake form

How does a relaxer retouch differ from the application of a virgin relaxer?

A relaxer retouch is used only on new hair growth.

When using a virgin relaxer, apply the relaxer to the __________.

midshaft first and then the ends and scalp

A hair analysis indicates the client has non-porous hair. Which perm type should the cosmetologist recommend?

alkaline/cold wave

What is the active ingredient in acid waves?

glycerol monothioglycolate (GMTG)

Which of the following perm types is processed without a heat source?

alkaline waves

How do alkaline perms differ from acid perms?

Alkaline perms have a higher pH.

When does the majority of the processing for permanent waving occur?

within 5 to 10 minutes

Which of the following is an indication of overprocessed hair?

Hair is curlier at the scalp and straighter at the ends.

To perm coarse hair, the solution must have enough __________ ions to break the required number of disulfide bonds.

hydrogen

When a perm is processed correctly, it breaks and rebuilds how much of the hair’s disulfide bonds?

50 percent

When using perm rods, which placement minimizes the amount of stress and level of tension on the hair?

perpendicular to the base

All of the following perm rods have a uniform diameter EXCEPT:

concave rods

Which of the following item(s) prevents fishhooks?

end papers

Which of the following describes a proper technique for winding hair on perm rods?

Place one end paper under the base panel and one above the base panel so that the papers extend past the ends of the hair.

When dividing hair into base sections for perm wraps, how many rods are used in each section and what factors determine the size of each section?

one rod; length and width of the rod

Which service uses a thio-based chemical process and is recommended for loosening hair texture that is extremely curly into a larger curl pattern?

soft curl permanent

When wrapping hair for a perm, which pattern provides the greatest flexibility for directional flow?

bricklay

A client has thick hair that extends below the shoulders. The client wants to have uniform curls and volume. Which technique should the cosmetologist choose to meet the client's request while also minimizing stress and tension on the client’s hair?

a spiral wrap with half off-base placement

What is the proper placement of bands on perm rods?

on the top

Before permanent wave service, what is one of the reasons cosmetologists perform test curls?

to determine if a different rod size is needed

What should the cosmetologist instruct clients to do if perm solution drips into the eyes?

Flush the eyes thoroughly with cool water.

To what areas should protective cream be applied when performing a perm?

around the hairline, the nape of the neck, and both ears

A professional perm consultation should do all of the following EXCEPT:

Have the client sign an agreement to come in for follow-up texture services essential to maintaining the style.

Cosmetologists should recommend that clients take which of the following steps to preserve moisture after a soft curl perm?

wearing a processing cap while sleeping

What is the proper technique for unwinding test curls to check for proper development?

Unwind the curl two or three turns.

The active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline permanent waves is _____.

ammonium thioglycolate

What is the main active ingredient in true acid and acid-balanced waving lotions?

glyceryl monothioglycolate

Waves that are activated from an outside heat source, such as a conventional hooded blowdryer, are _____ waves.

endothermic

Hair that has too many broken disulfide bonds and will not hold a firm curl is considered _____.

overprocessed

The process that stops the action of permanent wave solution and rebuilds the hair into its new form is called _____.

thio neutralization

What do the most common neutralizers contain?

hydrogen peroxide

_____ combines the use of a thio relaxer with flat ironing.

Japanese thermal straightening

Hair that is treated with hydroxide relaxers should not be treated with _____.

thio relaxers

Sodium hydroxide relaxers are commonly called _____.

lye relaxers

Which hydroxide relaxer does not require the application of a protective base?